<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-22-016275.txt : 20220609
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20220609154955
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-22-016275
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		105
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20220430
FILED AS OF DATE:		20220609
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20220609

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			IDT CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001005731
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		IRS NUMBER:				223415036
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0731

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-16371
		FILM NUMBER:		221005899

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD ST
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
		BUSINESS PHONE:		973 438 1000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD STREET
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 4pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>UNITED
STATES </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span> </p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>Washington,
D.C. 20549</b></span> </p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 40%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>FORM
<span id="xdx_90B_edei--DocumentType_c20210801__20220430_zbaFUjXkuyK7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:DocumentType">10-Q</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 40%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED <span id="xdx_905_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20210801__20220430_zB14fVoUG1S3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">APRIL 30, <span id="xdx_904_edei--DocumentFiscalYearFocus_c20210801__20220430_zmYYMVpQBZC1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:DocumentFiscalYearFocus">2022</ix:nonNumeric></span></ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b>or </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--DocumentTransitionReport_c20210801__20220430_zjRhsxSYmaM8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:DocumentTransitionReport">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Commission
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 40%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b><span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20210801__20220430_zc053zexeKR1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">IDT
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b>(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 40%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 2%; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_905_edei--CityAreaCode_c20210801__20220430_zxaycCBvsFX"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(973)</ix:nonNumeric></span>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Registrant&#8217;s
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 40%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 20%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trading
    symbol: <span id="xdx_900_edei--TradingSymbol_c20210801__20220430_znIoBvFeS6Ta"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:TradingSymbol">IDT</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 20%">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. <span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityCurrentReportingStatus_c20210801__20220430_zfiwvfnLagWc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span> &#9746;  No &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (&#167; 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such files). <span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_c20210801__20220430_za77Za3A1hNj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span>  &#9746; No &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller
reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large
    accelerated filer</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityFilerCategory_c20210801__20220430_zYzqit3w9zde"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen" name="dei:EntityFilerCategory">Accelerated
    filer</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9746;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-accelerated
    filer</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Smaller
    reporting company</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntitySmallBusiness_c20210801__20220430_zT6hBlgKbsTf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
    growth company</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20210801__20220430_z3L8PUeIwvT7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes &#9744; <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityShellCompany_c20210801__20220430_zspCcVi2IC6l"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityShellCompany">No</ix:nonNumeric></span>
&#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 6, 2022, the registrant had the following shares outstanding:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
    A common stock, $.01 par value:</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_c20220606__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zOt1hcVQidFd"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-06-06_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,574,326</ix:nonFraction></span>
    shares outstanding (excluding 1,698,000 treasury shares)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
    B common stock, $.01 par value:</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_c20220606__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zJj92mtligR2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-06-06_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">24,666,662</ix:nonFraction>
    </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares outstanding (excluding 3,058,071
    treasury shares)</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

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    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">TABLE
OF CONTENTS</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><a href="#sss_013">PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION</a></b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
    1.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_014">Financial Statements (Unaudited)</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_015">Consolidated Balance Sheets</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_016">Consolidated Statements of Income</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_017">Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_018">Consolidated Statements of Equity</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_019">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="#sss_020">Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Item
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sss_013"></span>PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_014"></span>Item
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_015"></span>CONSOLIDATED
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets" id="xdx_30B_111_pn3n3_zOnanFYuELpe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_i02I_pn3n3_maACzpjq_z752Zbn2EZD6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_i02TI_pn3n3_mtACzpjq_maAzPpq_zixemlrKdLU3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_i01I_pn3n3_maAzPpq_znBmqoexhCh5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_i01I_pn3n3_maAzPpq_zT2Er7rmlkV7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsNoncurrent_i01I_pn3n3_maAzPpq_z4gnuy28kNs3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Assets_i01TI_pn3n3_mtAzPpq_z0xPe6RYeSzk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCzDog_zv6vBL8fkGMb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCzDog_z5Cu22a2dlH8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCzDog_zvX36RT86Yz4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_pn3n3_maLCzDog_zb9ho97M1zf1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_i02TI_pn3n3_mtLCzDog_maLzBrC_z9IwLekZJcv9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Liabilities_i01TI_pn3n3_mtLzBrC_maLASEzraO_z1yQWzkNPRz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i01I_pn3n3_maLASEzraO_zuiO5oUYc5U4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_i01I_pn3n3_maLASEzraO_zNOH6k6Ekixh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0139">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquityAbstract_i01B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i02B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--PreferredStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzseb_zPt27EDqO2T7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220430_zVZZcsqxpbc3" title="Preferred stock, par value"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20210731_zyYpGXuLvX0k" title="Preferred stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zUozBMam8uA5" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zMmoAKNKWIj8" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">10,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_do_c20220430_zqKpkGfgp9F6" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_do_c20210731_z17AEZM1x2S2" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0147">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0148">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z5RZ57KD55Rb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zDnZYkdp6She" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Class B common stock, $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zfe7au2agItc" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zn7GTGBvxJPb" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z3RMqbA4J2Yh" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zhy6H6s7q4Ch" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">200,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zTaw9QDBqOZa" title="Common stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">27,725</ix:nonFraction></span>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">264</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzseb_zSeXBSrCPxJ1" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Common stock, value</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzseb_z8JBaLxwFi28" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">295,915</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">278,021</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValue_i03NI_pn3n3_di_msSEzseb_zGSYB1IE3r7b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockShares_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zWe0sicLF268" title="Treasury stock, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,698</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockShares_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_znjsYofAbWi7" title="Treasury stock, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,698</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Class A common
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">88,175</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">60,413</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzseb_z7BN78RTA4ik" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">11,341</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>


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CORPORATION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_i01T_pn3n3_mtOEzDO4_msOILzqRs_z0uNAwR4tQ7h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_maOILzqRs_zXYEK1EkSGSb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--InterestIncomeExpenseNet_maILFCOzBWj_zaUWtYBQWbdf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_maILFCOzBWj_zwZ1za5AQbHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other (expense) income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_pn3n3_mtILFCOzBWj_maPLzpmg_zBiJdnxNQd2i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,812</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,904</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_iT_pn3n3_mtPLzpmg_maNILzVwD_z3sv0rYuqDgl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">335</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,231</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">274</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_iT_pn3n3_mtNILzVwD_zLG6NgiEEazb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>IDT
CORPORATION </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_017"></span>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_018"></span>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)" id="xdx_303_114_pn3n3_z8RsYzEoVhha" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
<tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B1_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis_us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z5nWAzzWT048" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Class A Common Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="30" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Three Months Ended April 30, 2022 (in thousands)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Accumulated Deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Noncontrolling Interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Total Equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 28%; font-weight: bold">BALANCE AT JANUARY 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_ztBTpdF6GI4j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,920</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0406">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0407">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0408">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,858</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zx3I9QzBmjci" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Exercise of stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0411">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0412">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">137</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0414">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0415">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0416">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0417">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_i_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_iN_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance_i_pn3n3" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_zDKoSCPVfQh9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0448">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0487">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_43D_c20220201__20220430_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iE_zt86sn8yYN32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="30" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center">Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022 (in thousands)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Class A Common Stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Additional Paid-In Capital</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Accumulated Deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">Total Equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_z0Wife5Aj5df" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0514">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0515">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zw0BSg2QbCPf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">Exercise of stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0520">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">137</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0522">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0523">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0524">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0525">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_zG8pUWnqShL5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0529">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0530">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0532">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0533">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_zzGJ5UiWK698" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Business acquisition</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0538">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0540">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0541">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0542">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0543">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_zKAnbevJtBKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,837</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0549">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0550">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0551">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0552">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,840</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_iN_pn3n3_di_zCno6LRNeVT5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0555">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0556">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0557">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0558">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0559">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0560">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">359</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_zs1GkDqSPy72" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0564">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0565">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0566">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0567">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0569">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0570">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Net income</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0574">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0575">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Unaudited)&#8212;Continued</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zBeef4kMIw75" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0675">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0677">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0678">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0681">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0682">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0683">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,849</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0685">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0686">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0687">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,849</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_zWEVV9i2AxN6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0690">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0691">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0692">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,343</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0694">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0695">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0696">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,343</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance_zp82UZ6GSbqi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0699">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0700">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,195</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0702">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0703">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0704">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,195</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0706">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_pn3n3_zkRKtP9Qu2Uk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Business acquisition</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0708">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0709">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">21</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0711">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0712">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0713">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,941</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,920</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_z2cswoB6bEhc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0717">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,212</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0720">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0721">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0722">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0723">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,215</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_iN_pn3n3_di_z8VGuTyeZGp6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0726">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0727">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0728">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0729">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0730">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0731">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">646</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">646</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_zd0HpnGn6Gn5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0735">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0736">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0737">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0738">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">980</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0740">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>


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CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)</span></p>

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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_i02_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_zTkFHRzujwE5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_i02_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_zo6kn7EmPhqj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Provision for doubtful accounts receivable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,578</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_i02N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzq5L_zaxpGXdMVAnb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">508</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_i02_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_zvhBdq1Mg5hl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_i02N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzq5L_z1VqEQNSZtH4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,486</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,415</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_i02B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Change in assets and liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_i03N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzq5L_z7XOdpYMxA58" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,461</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,626</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_i03N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzq5L_zQj9kPUbPI19" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,504</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,961</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_i03_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_zosKoNqRkdQf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,566</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,154</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_i03_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_zIokTgVuQWT1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">9,843</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">11,078</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_i03_pn3n3_maNCPBUzq5L_z1QTTOOEArK3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred revenue</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">948</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,611</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_i01T_pn3n3_mtNCPBUzq5L_maCCERCzDLW_z99pozeX1OKd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,261</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,144</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Investing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_z2qFK3joChob" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Capital expenditures</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,794</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,455</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_zBJqlfPRBYql" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,051</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_z7i2eIk6l1Pd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,546</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,656</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_zLNVyYFUsF41" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock and warrant</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0831">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_z6wy7NbFyApi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzoJu_zVWt62Q39NW6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">39,347</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_i01_pn3n3_maNCPBUzoJu_zh0eosUo6YR1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,752</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,670</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_i01T_pn3n3_mtNCPBUzoJu_maCCERCzDLW_z57xqtH1Qdcj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net cash used in investing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">25,916</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">46,788</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Financing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">195,009</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Liabilities incurred for acquisitions</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">393</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1_i01_pn3n3_zqTSNLc0Kca5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock issued
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0895">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Cashless exercise of stock options in exchange for shares
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,930</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>IDT
CORPORATION </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sss_020"></span>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Unaudited)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_zI23HyCslxga" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_z0sc6jbTh1Uj">Basis of Presentation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;IDT&#8221;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending
July 31, 2022. The balance sheet at July 31, 2021 has been derived from the Company&#8217;s audited financial statements at that date
but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information,
please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2022 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2022).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zpMNbPsn3Cf7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zyr1a0HIknwh">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220430_z7bI0as1HsQ8"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Integer">three</ix:nonFraction></span></span>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#8220;UCaaS&#8221;), or net2phone-UCaaS, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#8217;s reportable segments
are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these business
segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments are the
same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The Company
evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider
of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone-UCaaS segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services),
a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional
Communications also includes other smaller businesses, some of which are in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, business development, charitable contributions, travel, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate
does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBwB4EuJfWMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zKNMQlrlaON6" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A9_zXJ8D7XqMW3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_zDUHrFRUuq4" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
3&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zxBX0wtHa0f7">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone-UCaaS are technology-driven, synergistic
businesses that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time, and in some cases (mainly
with respect to net2phone-UCaaS) is recognized over time. Traditional Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications
services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile
Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through
distributors and retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disaggregated
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziLurDhuapy" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zXjGLhGvKzvh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z19gykcKqFqf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ziwTZc7feyFb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zkLKxXTP9GHb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zC0XXPeuEpHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zab8nPZsxsvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z3Uxp1V4u9tf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVmFcDY4c97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total outside the United States</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zZL3GKUlC8Sf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Remaining
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<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

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year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

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timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
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when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
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liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_z0u7xnTM3g26" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

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incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone-UCaaS sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.</span></p>

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to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred customer
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_za7FOSwMt7J6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zTKV6qh9Yf13" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zx6Zsjx99PUi">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zSVj4mzAg1pi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_srt_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">one
year</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">to <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_z7KIkooTwy34"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">six
years</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">. net2phone-UCaaS also has operating leases
for office equipment. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The
Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise the options to extend or terminate the leases.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey that is owned
by the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;Rafael&#8221;). The Company also leases office space in Israel
from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors
of Rafael. <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zs9RM392XUJk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_NewarkMember" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
each of the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zjV4miBUNLT9"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zxqBCcDuiBz3"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.5</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, and in each of the nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrLMaKwHnrmg"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zPQ9SM68fudh"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.4</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in connection with the Rafael leases,
which is included in operating lease cost in the table below.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zxV1wRlOXqI9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_z50oCCPaiz03" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zfjYYWOo9o16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zKtSEMligHij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zvI0sL5cxenf" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zhkB8gpJ3ZC" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
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</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. The Company&#8217;s aggregate operating
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<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zYD84FI09tij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zKsrpic9SHUa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_z6tZhpMaFBg3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzhJD_zLHPIZBwOVBg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zR6epFxRLI59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zYeSYFIn16e7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zuBy0dT8JNP9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_49C_20220430_zHHtbpgtuMh4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zFnCvZSk8xHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,643</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zL64WUeOyWh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z2mByCG8Pxya" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zloFMIKDrMgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zs57cAtb0HW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzZon_zxBkFIqpoJv7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,613</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zG9GUiCncX16" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    imputed interest</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    operating lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zUk8jAQTbn9d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zW6YFsNkDhbc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zkkdkWvnWFZ9">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zSwGGKtbkVvk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zqv1fIa813f5" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220430_zensQCu0G4dk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
    30,<br /> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210731_zTeCyiqlIFKk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br /> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zp65x6tnF5L5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">97,139</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">107,147</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zVeGUhLwyWH1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">100,957</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">119,769</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzaal_zakV1pZ6COob" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">198,096</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">226,916</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zzdEQ6QWnVle" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zr5uGPU5Ail5"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">96.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zgWpDkoy81ej"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">115.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, in restricted cash and
cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#8217;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets included an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zkwfKfz7IFF7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10.5</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zEhsV9UIy6Z8"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.3</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, held by IDT Payment Services,
Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13; Value: 2 -->
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</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zs1n3onI6Gcl" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zpaYCkt3h6yi">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zXUuVUaw6zF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zpNAfpvzt7M8" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amortized
                                            Cost&#160;</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
                                            Unrealized Gains&#160;</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
                                            Unrealized Losses</b>&#160;</span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value&#160;</b>&#160;</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>(in
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April 30, 2022:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td id="xdx_F46_z5U4ZTw1dwul" style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zKuGGvb8zMT" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001263" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z4Wc28TaArud" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUe1lAm8Hqg5" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001267" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zOjODhvg8SHk" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001269" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,991</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z4LU2hp7HDE" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,964</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuaiuRzeBs52" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zWsRTqli2MV8" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">80</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zV0HCYfTbm74" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,885</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zzn6JxrVSyf1" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,957</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zXWQ1f064S32" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4yHgmfWI7vl" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">452</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zU5un8LkTdx5" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td id="xdx_F40_zoL6bgWBZXw4" style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z9qt2cxUm9o8" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1307">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zcl0fYRdGl86" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" id="Fact001309" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,203</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,669</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1313">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zotveLus89Lk" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL9CJ1EWb633" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1329">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z4cz9VZDz2og" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,825</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zGIFLV8onQzc" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,012</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0F_zTTSgyTrdlk5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F10_zwkGNFr6vzzl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001342" xml:lang="en-US">Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zhMd4jdlWDK7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430_zVPxUW97u1lj"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.9</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430_zhs3qoew9eti"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">7.1</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in the three months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430_z5JxseGaRCej"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">7.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430_zvM2yowz9fY7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">18.7</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in the three and nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains and realized losses on the
sales of debt securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zZ1zHTNHW9p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z68fp3fFa0D4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_z05BlBc1SNcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 26%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,868</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zxK0Tdue5Y6l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,544</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zSuW4yOTLza6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,723</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zVX921PSjOSg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDzELz_zZMv9NsmG6e1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,706</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_znzS4R6MPLm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zJZZGjQke6E2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zIPMBAJpxMCh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
    30, 2022:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
    of deposit</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zp5CTJRdH3ia" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zjaAR4VsxOS8" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,991</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zxIA359xMWok" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">80</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zZN8zzn8hH0j" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">887</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zWRBZFC0RLk3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">452</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zcW0Mv8JJurc" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,495</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Municipal
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z2rYJhWzd8D7" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z7bCNkabv8xl" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,907</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zL79kPtCqwjf" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">557</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zIzznT0HTIS2" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,280</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    31, 2021:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zLy1iZjOVKPc" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,652</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zLu57Z0GwEOh" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,293</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zZ1njMoLBVQ3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">50</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,945</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zFKdigLZUHoj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zGvEoBcPrzVl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At April 30, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_zbFbbTc96Mn7" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7elu7225Fhk" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">80</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zc32EyUzUw6f" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">887</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zVns4sC3ScL7" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">257</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL6EVYpw3v1k" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,713</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zOQyu2XkcFnk" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">337</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zKyDgD7iezL4" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,600</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zLtvJZUaZ7S9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely
than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at
maturity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zzrcgoSP6Ww1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_826_zrZDB3G6hbH3">Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zzjY0J4I20A5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zI1jdcGyrvEk" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    30,<br /> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210731_zBeBjPWEpZAk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br /> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z8LacpLWHNqk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge, Inc. Class
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">649</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrmgGxF0BU7l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
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    respectively</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">624</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,479</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zkg1tXqM9uS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted
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    respectively</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1421">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,209</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other marketable equity securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zJAmzGW9aDu3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fixed
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,467</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_z0mZGSMvV4xe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_zywlMfZb2VQ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_z6yuIPfetSLh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zVMMJkjtvf69" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zfnxIURDe697" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zWt1BzG8Peq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_z1x6QA6vBxh4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zCupFm1LWKlj"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zkQTuPPgkEw"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million in the three
and nine months ended April 30, 2022, respectively, and the Company increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred
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</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in both the three and nine months
ended April 30, 2021, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15; Value: 2 -->
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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zHdYeN39icC4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net (losses) gains
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zy0cUB3e8jHd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less:
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1497">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1498">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1500">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,416</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zHTTomlztfm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net losses on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 included unrealized losses of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNYTgP0HuLkf" title="Unrealized losses"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_CommonStockClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.6</ix:nonFraction></span>
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNxDgBD36eBe"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_CommonStockClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.1</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, on shares of Rafael
Class B common stock. The net gains on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021 included unrealized gains of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z8cLlDcJjnH9"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_CommonStockClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmB7SbQFPQ5j"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_CommonStockClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.6</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, on shares of Rafael Class
B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Equity
Method Investment </i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn6n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDnOqRZu98gk"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-01-302021-02-02_custom_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">4.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million to purchase shares of series B convertible
preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid
$<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNPrcj8wh89d"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2021-08-092021-08-10_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zyj9x5w7r7W7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-02-02_custom_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">23.95</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#8217;s ownership to <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zUsYiDbqVmhh"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">26.57</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
on an as converted basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210202_zTbFzXJLe2w8"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-02-02" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.4</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn6n6_c20210810_zfluvHeTS1g"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" contextRef="AsOf2021-08-10" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million between its investment in the EMI and
its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the dates of the
acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year
estimated life of the customer list. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method basis difference
is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221; (see Note 18).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 10, 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn6n6_c20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zh3qK0Wioeqe"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" contextRef="AsOf2022-02-10_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. The note provides for interest on the
principal amount at <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDbY7oF6Bpta"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" contextRef="From2022-02-082022-02-10_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">15</ix:nonFraction></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zZYaFsQij5X1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-082022-02-10_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates">August
3, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zpM3G1J63Om9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zlaO0VZiYRza" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zm4mdTXXyina" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></p></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztzxUfAHIbZ4" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></p></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zV8xS0ypfHkb" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></p></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Three
    Months Ended<br /> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nine
    Months Ended<br /> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3_zZUDKxQr7L81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1524">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1526">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_ztcnKBhDBKcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zXWwksj71t6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_z181s8g52p71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows (fiscal 2021 financial information is for the period from February 2, 2021 to April 30,
2021):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zfKL1Q6nsZNc" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Statements of Operations</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqb5bwTPfBch" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,611</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">5,475</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,611</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztlaVx65M1Pc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z9VUJXnU6Okg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zmlJxEN0otC" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zQ6Us3zEgBk3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
8&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zgXlEHSOLec2">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zhYpw2iJxsw8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zwKStmpZhEnd" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zPMaTOZXBWGk" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zu8eW7DGnwga" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,179</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July 31, 2021</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42,434</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zolBX7QeV0S9" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001681" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">628</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F07_z7GGx7Q6j7Gj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zbga8ug68JU3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001700" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0D_zd30D4OCgAO4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zpnUE9TmNdLi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001701" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F00_zn1HWVLfzNXl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_zFhF1mUecdka" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001702" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zCZWOVWI99p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the Company had $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_z83AZZXGwXw3"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.6</ix:nonFraction>
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</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, in investments in hedge
funds, which were included in noncurrent &#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s
investments in hedge funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_z1PCN2Aecaa1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

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of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3_zSF6jpesBYGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zPulXCZwqk57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase of Rafael Holdings,
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  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zuz265WYAbyk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise of Rafael Holdings,
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zQE7tKa04kri" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zMWeMnIn0hU5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zL4bIJwFwWbi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1773">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zfrvU4M33VQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities. </i>At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period
of time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as
Level 1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities. </i>At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zqyYECHl1nZk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_z3ZjJAzm3Qe5">Acquisitions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Integra
CCS</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the net2phone-UCaaS
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zMjyYCUxS3zg"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">15.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located
in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#8220;Integra&#8221;). Integra provides cloud-based contact-center-as-a-service
(&#8220;CCaaS&#8221;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations, chat-bot communications,
workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software integrations. </span>The net2phone-UCaaS segment&#8217;s and Integra&#8217;s CCaaS offerings are highly synergistic and CCaaS
is expected to be a source of growth and expansion when combined with net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; global sales and channel partner network.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included
in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price consisted of: (a) cash of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zSAwdCJOmp6g"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">7.2</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million that was paid at closing, (b) <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_pid_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zqreunrxXh41"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">27,765</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common
stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zs9CbJbVkQH4"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million that were issued at closing, (c) $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_z89IbSOKQb1k"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.3</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, half</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
of which will be paid at the end of 12 months after closing and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing,
subject to holdback for the settlement of claims against the sellers, if any, and (d) <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zBPVq2mzvO29"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">contingent
consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zNn677skt8L3"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.5</ix:nonFraction></span> million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue of the net2phone-UCaaS segment over a four-year period, payable
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zB3CLyPBVENh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zTyhmzM9ncVk" style="display: none">Schedule
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zg6fdm3B6dDc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z5zcFkIl5xTl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands): </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_z8a8E4XUiV4a" style="display: none">Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AD_zw3MioFhbs6a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone-UCaaS segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc., purchased all of the outstanding shares of Leaf Global
Fintech Corporation (&#8220;Leaf&#8221;) for up to $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn4n6_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zGT7PzjhEmeb"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-4" scale="6" unitRef="USD">6.05</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet
services in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform
available on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf
digital wallet enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The
Leaf platform leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins.
Stellar is an open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and
specifically to support cross-border transactions. </span>The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#8217;s blockchain-based digital wallet
to, among other things, provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones,
as well as expand Leaf&#8217;s affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
Leaf&#8217;s operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

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consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">5.5</ix:nonFraction> </span>million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX1o0N3ct8sa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zOH1RXyI8dL9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPGcgetGiItg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zYjGFn1H6fXc" style="display: none">Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,663</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zesQpDpndNZf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Pro
Forma Disclosures</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s pro forma results of operations as if the Integra and Leaf acquisitions occurred as of August 1,
2020 were not materially different from the actual results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_z98BJi9R0kR5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
10&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zY2hKMf09I62">Variable Interest Entity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the variable interest entity,
or &#8220;VIE&#8221;) that operates money transfer businesses. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power
to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb
losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined
that it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own
any interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated
statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zhPjw3sajCel" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_zXwsJxhTxW67" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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                                            Months Ended<br /> April 30,</b>&#160;</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zCKCCg98Umjl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1874">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zKNc0h5JulOk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zHfb77pcDu8j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zJ10Ljohv50e" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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                                            30,<br /> 2022</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zgnbK0jPclvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br /> 2021</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assets:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,848</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">91</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">91</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">344</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other current assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">858</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Due from the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">87</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1899">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,280</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Liabilities
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zvJ9O9ik44F9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#8217;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#8217;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zskIv1L8DGB9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zUhc5bQHroj2">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zXLW360lOXmh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

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of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zfmElWwRxxmd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 17, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of
the stockholders of the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;), and a derivative
complaint. The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three and
nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Write-off
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to
an acquisition consummated in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company
recognized a gain on the write-off of the contingent consideration payment obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21; Value: 2 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Gain
from Sale of Rights under Class Action Lawsuit</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zTG4nYmOgna"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" contextRef="From2020-12-192020-12-21_custom_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million from the sale to a third party of all
its rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation. The lawsuit is about claims that merchants
paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019 because Visa and Mastercard, individually,
and together with their respective member banks, violated the antitrust laws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Indemnification
Claim</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zXmoIdlFIrug" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zhuUY0gQm0Tc">Revolving Credit Facility</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zMH0d4wJI6Yl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction>
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finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, there were <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKmESlUK2NIh" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zVhSRRrzQK92" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">no</ix:nonFraction></span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">amounts outstanding under this facility. In the
nine months ended April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2021-05-012022-04-30_custom_IDTTelecomMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2021-05-012022-04-30_custom_IDTTelecomMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.6</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million under the facility. <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_pn6n6" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</ix:nonNumeric></span>
IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial
ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zhPKAecU5vpf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zEaay8CMUAd5">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
Stock Units Equity Incentive Program</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had an existing equity incentive program in the form of deferred stock units (&#8220;DSUs&#8221;) that, upon vesting, entitled
the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. On January 5, 2022, the third and final vesting date under
the program, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGOdmNFMW2l6"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2022-01-042022-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">301,296</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of DSUs that vested on that date. On January 5, 2021, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zt11MAa80xzl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2021-01-042021-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">283,838</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of vested DSUs under the program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Repurchases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zAOQTSA9BjYh"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">8.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million shares in the aggregate. There were <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_do_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zGasPio9Eol7">no
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">repurchases under the program in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022. In the nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_za3q7nejtRuf"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">463,792</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zJAIyHj6l9A4"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. At April 30, 2022, <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zwseKvF95bAe"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">5.8</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million shares remained available for repurchase
under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zDaYwhJeN2pf"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.0</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zbEaEvw22Yi7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmibdCSyGEPl"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">200,438</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zwMBcmDaQyuk"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">109,381</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection
with the vesting of DSUs and lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their
fair market value on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>2015
Stock Option and Incentive Plan</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zdU0NLbSKBpg" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span>
million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zrSyLczAo4T9" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.7</ix:nonFraction></span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> respectively, for
which the Company issued <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20210801__20220430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,010,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
and</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20200801__20210430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">81,041</ix:nonFraction></span> shares,
respectively, of its Class B common stock. In April 2022, Howard S. Jonas exercised stock options for <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zFkNHwqmsLKc" title="Number of common stock options exercise"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">1.0</ix:nonFraction></span>
million shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were granted on May 2, 2017. The exercise price of these
options was $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z8BZ7jxVulT8" title="Share-based compensation, exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">14.93</ix:nonFraction></span>
per share and the expiration date was <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z7KWbdsUZbYk" title="Share-based compensation, expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate">May
1, 2022</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Mr. Jonas used <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zCKr1QreUmE3" title="Number of common stock options exercise"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">528,635</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zaAlRJzRywI8" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered <span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znPsxHoginOe" title="Number of common stock options exercise"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">137,364</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zD3CFURvcaz6" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">3.9</ix:nonFraction></span>
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">stock
option exercises.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 15, 2021, the Company&#8217;s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
to increase the number of shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional
<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pid_c20211210__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zfbiSF8Af1Wj"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" contextRef="From2021-12-102021-12-15_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">175,000</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>NRS
Restricted Stock Grants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zAn9xazohMM6" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">0.5</ix:nonFraction></span>%
of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and an increase in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_pn5n6" title="Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.2</ix:nonFraction></span>
million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant date.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22; Value: 2 -->
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zjjbbH4x5aR8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zKUIeP52N8Y">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zop6w1pQntbj" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">2.5</ix:nonFraction></span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis, to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#8220;Alta Fox&#8221;) for cash of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z33cjbEFFxHg" title="Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zHpQ4xaQSep1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zbU0Ue4fCXl3">Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zUXeHL7rrZ95" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zS3uyrWs88t6" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none">&#160;</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none"></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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                                                                                <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">April 30,</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Nine Months Ended</p>
                                                                                <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">April 30,</p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zk0ovyQhS9Ij" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 3%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Effect of dilutive securities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_pn3n3_zsxRsK9SBpq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zFmLIWqT0Obg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zukg8foKAhGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_z2x5YSJ7SLD" style="display: none">Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Nine Months Ended<br />
 April 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zdnYlsUeIMr5" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2078">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zaOsBwBBUu8c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2079">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zmYrG7kYEinh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2080">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zX6Q5s10YWj7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2081">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430_zDmSwcCBZtRk" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2083">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430_zWc9WNBgy6T5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zwrYmRo3L2Lg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2085">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>
</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zLTmLYL7RiYa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
options with an exercise price that was greater than the average market price of the Company&#8217;s common stock in the nine months
ended April 30, 2021 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock"><p id="xdx_801_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_za8d2e5jKs0f" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
16&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zbAJjtGo18Mh">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_z5JIR7Woftce" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive loss were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zzPji3qECTO5" style="display: none">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%">Balance, July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_z2rGPc7ta1z2" title="Beginning balance" style="width: 16%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">9</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zZaH8SeKop49" style="width: 16%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">10,183</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zrUC1AldoEpa" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">547</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_z121MDPe9BT3" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zVRHXh7odzu8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
17&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_z61nozD4Hc1d">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operationally,
the Company&#8217;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#8217;s employees returned to work in the Company&#8217;s
offices on a part-time basis. The Company&#8217;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the third quarter of
fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Legal
Proceedings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and derivatively
on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the
State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership
of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#8217;s directors. The complaint alleges
that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas
in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with
the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s
obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale
of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated
with a similar action that was initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that
the action may be maintained as a class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the
term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon
Communications Inc. for their shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas,
and the Company to disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended
complaint. On September 24, 2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which
denial was affirmed by the Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#8217;s motion for summary judgment.
On March 10, 2022, JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court
denied The Arbitrage Fund&#8217;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#8217;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial is currently scheduled to begin on August 29, 2022. The Company intends
to vigorously defend this matter (see Note 11). At this stage, the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales
Tax Contingency</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Regulatory
Fees Audit</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
The Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_z2mL6ItMk3Rf" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_zmzaVVaFyxlg"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_UniversalServiceFundMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At April 30, 2022 and
July 31, 2021, the Company&#8217;s accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zx7pxoAyUtEf" title="Accrued liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">38.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z7VzDwsVW3H7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">38.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purchase
Commitments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Performance
Bonds</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At April 30, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and
materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and
Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company has
cooperated with the FCC in this matter and has responded to the letter of inquiry. If the FCC were to pursue separate action against
the Company, the FCC could seek to fine or impose regulatory penalties or civil liability on the Company related to activities during
the period of ownership by the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zfKFIDmyPhP7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
18&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_z8ozgTnEQCth">Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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(expense) income, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zCIUugIuzPXa" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none"></span></span></p>

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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzk51_zPDqvnigkzdc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total other (expense) income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">5,068</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zAywCfS4OWc5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zY6bWRV9AsF9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
19&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zfijATJA6hg7">Income Taxes</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
In the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company released $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zmMqro3yEckg" title="Change in valuation allowance"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">24.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the
deferred income tax assets that it is more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income
tax assets. The Company used the framework of Accounting Standards Codification <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i> to determine whether
the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses
included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in its assessment of the valuation
allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the three consecutive years of profitability in
the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United Kingdom that will utilize a significant
portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#8217;s tax planning strategies were not a significant factor in the analysis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_z8vLjMEsgh" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
20&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zQjNQdhMwT48">Recently Issued Accounting Standard Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, <i>Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit
Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the impairment model for most financial
assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking
current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale
debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses
will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose
significantly more information about allowances, credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied
as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating
the impact that the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_813_zODhbKYqHQ0g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><span id="sss_001"></span>Item 2. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the associated notes
thereto of this Quarterly Report, and the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and our Management&#8217;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended July 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (or SEC).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
used below, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms &#8220;the Company,&#8221; &#8220;IDT,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221;
and &#8220;our&#8221; refer to IDT Corporation, a Delaware corporation, its predecessor, International Discount Telecommunications, Corp.,
a New York corporation, and their subsidiaries, collectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forward-Looking
Statements</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including statements that contain the words &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221;
&#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; and similar words and phrases. These forward-looking statements are
subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected in any forward-looking
statement. In addition to the factors specifically noted in the forward-looking statements, other important factors, risks, and uncertainties
that could result in those differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed under Item 1A to Part II &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221;
in this Quarterly Report and under Item 1A to Part I &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended July 31, 2021. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this report and we assume no obligation to update the
forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements.
Investors should consult all of the information set forth in this report and the other information set forth from time to time in our
reports filed with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently
Issued Accounting Standard Not Yet Adopted</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, <i>Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit
Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the impairment model for most financial
assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking
current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale
debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses
will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose
significantly more information about allowances, credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied
as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. We will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. We are evaluating the impact
that the new standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Results
of Operations</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
evaluate the performance of our business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations. Accordingly, the income and expense
line items below income (loss) from operations are only included in our discussion of the consolidated results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
continue to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business, including our customers, employees,
suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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our employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue to work-from-home.
Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of our employees returned to work in our offices on a part-time basis. Our salespeople,
customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue to serve our independent retailers, channel partners, and customers
with minimal interruption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">COVID-19 has had mixed financial
impacts on our businesses beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the third quarter of fiscal 2022. It drove
increases in demand for our consumer offerings, principally BOSS Money, BOSS Revolution Calling and Mobile Top-Up, through our digital
channels beginning in the latter half of March 2020. Subsequently, digital transaction levels have continued to increase relative to
retailer originated transactions. Correspondingly, sales of consumer offerings originating through retailers and channel partners slowed
modestly in late March and April 2020 before stabilizing in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. COVID-19-related demand slowed the rate
of decline in BOSS Revolution Calling revenue that we had experienced in prior periods, however, that impact was less significant beginning
in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021. The surge in demand for voice calls
that began with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic had eroded by the third quarter of fiscal 2022. National Retail Solutions, or
NRS, was immaterially impacted by the closure of some of its retailers in the third quarter of fiscal 2020, but most re-opened quickly
and many attracted increased foot traffic following the onset of COVID-19 as local retailers are typically more accessible to pedestrian
traffic than big box retailers. The resilience of local retailers has enabled NRS to continue to expand sales of terminals, payment processing,
and advertising services. IDT Global&#8217;s (formerly known as Carrier Services) revenue, which had been declining as
communications globally transition away from traditional international long-distance voice, declined more rapidly following the onset
of COVID-19 as business communications shifted from calling to video conferencing and other collaboration platforms.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition from offices to a more flexible workforce increased the demand for net2phone-UCaaS&#8217;
offerings. Customers transitioned from their on-premises phone system to net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; cloud solution, ported their phone numbers,
and quickly set-up their employees to work remotely. In April 2020, the release of Huddle, net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; integrated video conferencing
solution, significantly improved net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; functionality for remote work, which also increased the demand for its services.
COVID-19 had mixed financial impacts on net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; business beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. Its customer base
growth slowed somewhat in the second half of fiscal 2020 in certain Latin American markets due to decreased levels of economic activity
in those markets. However, Latin American sales rebounded in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and sales have remained strong in its
United States and Canadian markets.</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this Quarterly Report, including the impact of COVID-19, we expect that our cash from operations and the balance of cash,
cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments that we held on April 30, 2022 will be sufficient to meet our anticipated
working capital and capital expenditure requirements during the twelve month period ending April 30, 2023. However, the situation remains
fluid and we cannot predict with certainty the potential impact of COVID-19 on our business, results of operations, financial condition,
and cash flows.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Explanation
of Performance Metrics</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
results of operations discussion include the following performance metrics: active point of sale, or POS, terminals, payment processing
accounts, recurring revenue, subscriber seats, subscription revenue, and minutes of use.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">NRS uses two metrics, among
others, to measure the size of its customer base: active POS terminals and payment processing accounts. Active POS terminals are the
number of POS terminals that have completed at least one transaction in the calendar month. It excludes POS terminals that are being
installed. Payment processing accounts are NRS PAY accounts that can generate revenue. It excludes accounts that have been approved but
not activated. NRS&#8217; recurring revenue is NRS&#8217; revenue in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America, or U.S.&#160;GAAP, excluding its revenue from POS terminal sales.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; cloud
communications offerings are priced on a per-seat basis, with customers paying based on the number of users in their
organization. net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; subscription revenue is its revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP excluding its equipment
revenue and revenue generated by a legacy SIP trunking offering in Brazil.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">The trends and comparisons
between periods for the number of active POS terminals, NRS PAY accounts, seats served, recurring revenue, and subscription revenue
are used in the analysis of NRS&#8217; or net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; revenues and direct cost of revenues and are strong indications
of the top-line growth and performance of the business.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Minutes of use is a nonfinancial
metric that measures aggregate customer usage during a reporting period. Minutes of use is an important factor in BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s
and IDT Global&#8217;s revenue recognition since satisfaction of our performance obligation occurs when the customer uses our
service. Minutes of use trends and comparisons between periods are used in the analysis of revenues and direct cost of revenues.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Three
and Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Fintech
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which represented 8.2% and 4.4% of our total revenues in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 7.0%
and 5.2% of our total revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is comprised of BOSS Money,
a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services, and NRS, an operator of a nationwide POS network
providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i> Revenues from BOSS Money increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal
2021 primarily because of increased transaction volume in BOSS Money&#8217;s direct-to-consumer digital and retail channels. The revenue
increase in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021was partially offset by the lack of revenue
from  transient foreign exchange market conditions that materially improved BOSS Money&#8217;s revenues in the nine months ended
April 30, 2021 but ceased by April 30, 2021. BOSS Money continues to benefit from its integration into the BOSS Revolution
Calling app in October 2021, as well as the continued expansion of its disbursement networks, particularly in Africa and the Caribbean.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from NRS increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 driven primarily
by the expansion of its POS network, and revenue growth from its payment processing services and digital out-of-home advertising. NRS&#8217;
recurring revenue increased 101.9% to $10.0 million in the three months ended April 30, 2022 from $4.9 million
in the three months ended April 30, 2021, and increased 114.4% to $27.6 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022
from $12.9 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2021. Active POS terminals increased 37% to 17,900 at April 30, 2022
from 13,100 at April 30, 2021. Payment processing accounts increased 89% to 9,200 at April 30, 2022 from 4,900 at April
30, 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. BOSS Money&#8217;s direct cost of revenues increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily due to increased direct cost of revenues in its retail channel, which
reflected the increase in BOSS Money&#8217;s retail channel&#8217;s revenue. NRS&#8217; direct cost of revenues increased in the
three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily due to the increase in its revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022
compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily due to increases in employee compensation, sales commissions, stock-based
compensation, and debit and credit card processing charges. The increase in card processing charges was the result of increased credit
and debit card transactions through our BOSS Money app and other digital channels. As a percentage of Fintech&#8217;s revenue, Fintech&#8217;s
selling, general and administrative expense decreased to 66.5% from 69.6% in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and
2021, respectively, and increased to 66.2% from 61.2% in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization.</i>&#160;Depreciation and amortization expense increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily due to increased depreciation of capitalized costs of consultants and employees
developing internal use software and increased depreciation of NRS&#8217; POS equipment.</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
Operating Gain. <span style="font-style: normal">Other operating gain in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 was due
to grant income related to the money transfer business.</span><span style="font-style: normal"> Other operating gain in the three
and nine months ended April 30, 2021 was due to the settlement of a claim related to the money transfer business.</span></span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><i>net2phone-UCaaS Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone-UCaaS segment, which represented 4.7% and 3.1% of our total revenues in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021,
respectively, and 4.1% and 3.0% of our total revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is comprised
of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i>net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; revenues increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods
in fiscal 2021 driven primarily by growth in the United States, although revenue increased in all net2phone-UCaaS regions. Seats served
increased 33% to 279,000 at April 30, 2022 from 210,000 at April 30, 2021, including approximately 7,000 seats as a
result of our acquisition of Integra CCS, or Integra, in March 2022. Integra provides cloud-based contact-center-as-a-service in the
Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations, chat-bot communications, workflow management, development
tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software integrations. Subscription revenue increased 42%
to $14.2 million in the three months ended April 30, 2022 from $10.0 million in the three months ended April 30, 2021, and
increased 38% to $38.5 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 from $27.8 million in the nine months ended April
30, 2021, led by growth in both the South American and North American regions. In the first quarter of fiscal 2022, net2phone-UCaaS launched
a HIPAA compliant program for certain of its communications and collaboration solutions and introduced net2phone Phone App for Teams.
The app enables Microsoft Teams users to add voice capabilities into Teams environments without additional licenses.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods
in fiscal 2021 primarily due to the increases in revenues, with the largest increase in Latin America. net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; focus on
mid-sized businesses, multi-channel strategies, and localized offerings generated revenue growth that exceeded the increase in direct
cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022
compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily due to increases in sales commissions, employee compensation,
and expenses related to the proposed spin-off of our net2phone cloud communications business. As a percentage of net2phone-UCaaS&#8217;
revenues, net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 88.8% from 103.4% in the three months
ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and decreased to 95.6% from 104.5% in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS
derives a significant portion of its revenues from existing customers. Attracting new customers usually involves additional costs compared
to retention of existing customers. If existing customers&#8217; subscriptions and related usage decrease or are terminated, net2phone-UCaaS
will need to spend more money to acquire new customers and still may not be able to maintain its existing level of revenues or profitability.
In addition, net2phone-UCaaS needs to acquire new customers to increase its revenues. net2phone-UCaaS incurs significant sales and marketing
expenses to acquire new customers. It is therefore expected that selling, general and administrative expenses will remain a significant
percentage of net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; revenues for the foreseeable future.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization.</i> Depreciation and amortization expense was substantially unchanged in the three months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2021 The increases in depreciation and amortization expense in the nine months ended April 30, 2022
compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021 was due to increased depreciation of net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; telephone equipment
leased to customers and increased depreciation of capitalized costs of consultants and employees developing internal use software.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Operating Gain (Expense), net.</i> In the nine months ended April 30, 2022, we determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration
payment related to an acquisition consummated in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency.
net2phone-UCaaS recognized a gain of $0.3 million on the write-off of the contingent consideration payment obligation. Other
operating expense, net of $0.1 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2021 was due to the settlement of a legal matter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><i>Traditional Communications Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment, which represented 87.1% and 92.5% of our total revenues in the three months ended April 30,
2022 and 2021, respectively, and 88.9% and 91.8% of our total revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively,
includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and data to international and
domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed primarily to immigrant communities
in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced
traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other smaller businesses, some of which
are in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications&#8217; most significant revenue streams are from Mobile Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile
Top-Up and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through distributors and retailers. We receive payments for BOSS
Revolution Calling, traditional calling cards, and Mobile Top-Up prior to providing the services. We recognize the revenue when services
are provided to the customer. Traditional Communications&#8217; revenues tend to be somewhat seasonal, with the second fiscal quarter
(which contains Christmas and New Year&#8217;s Day) and the fourth fiscal quarter (which contains Mother&#8217;s Day and Father&#8217;s
Day) typically showing higher minute volumes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i> Revenues from Mobile Top-Up decreased in the three months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021 primarily
from a decrease in revenue from the business-to-business wholesale channel, partially offset by an increase in revenues from the direct-to-consumer
channel. Business-to-business wholesale revenues were increasing from an opportunity that began in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 but
has since narrowed considerably. Revenues from Mobile Top-Up increased in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar
period in fiscal 2021 primarily from continued product expansion and growth in the business-to-business wholesale channel,
although business-to-business wholesale revenues have narrowed considerably. Revenues from the direct-to-consumer channel
increased in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021, partially offset by a
decrease in retail channel revenues. In addition, our acquisition, in December 2020, of Sochitel UK Ltd., a global hub and digital distribution
platform for mobile top-up, electronic vouchers, and other value transfer services primarily in Africa, contributed to our increased
penetration into the market in Africa.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
and minutes of use from BOSS Revolution Calling decreased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods
in fiscal 2021. In fiscal 2021, COVID-19-related demand slowed the rate of decline in BOSS Revolution Calling revenue that we had experienced
in prior periods, however, that impact was less significant in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar
periods in fiscal 2021. The surge in demand for voice calls that began with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic had eroded by the third
quarter of fiscal 2022. BOSS Revolution Calling continues to be impacted by persistent, market-wide trends, including the proliferation
of unlimited calling plans offered by wireless carriers and mobile virtual network operators, and the increasing penetration of free
and paid over-the-top voice, video conferencing, and messaging services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
and minutes of use from IDT Global decreased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods
in fiscal 2021 as communications globally continued to transition away from international voice calling. This trend was accelerated by
the impact of COVID-19 as business communications shifted from calling to video conferencing and other collaboration platforms. We expect
that IDT Global will continue to be adversely impacted by these trends, and minutes of use and revenues will likely continue to
decline from quarter-to-quarter, as we seek to maximize economics rather than necessarily sustain minutes of use or revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

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Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues decreased in the three months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal
2021 primarily due to the decreases in revenues. Direct cost of revenues decreased in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2021 primarily due to decreases in BOSS Revolution Calling&#8217;s and IDT Global&#8217;s direct cost
of revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021, partially offset by an increase
in Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s direct cost of revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021
as a result of the increase in Mobile Top-Up&#8217;s revenues. The continued migration of customers to our digital, direct-to-consumer
channels is expected to continue, which is expected to contribute to future reductions in the rate of growth of Mobile Top-Up and BOSS
Revolution Calling&#8217;s direct cost of revenues when compared to prior periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased in the three months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2021 primarily due to decreases in employee compensation, sales commissions, and debit and credit card
processing charges, partially offset by an increase in stock-based compensation. Selling, general and administrative expense increased
in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021 primarily due to increases in employee compensation,
debit and credit card processing charges, and consulting expense, partially offset by a decrease in sales commissions. As a percentage
of Traditional Communications&#8217; revenue, Traditional Communications&#8217; selling, general and administrative expense increased
to 10.2% from 8.7% in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and to 9.7% from 9.1% in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Depreciation
and Amortization.</i> Depreciation and amortization expense was substantially unchanged in the three months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2021. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2021 as more of our property, plant, and equipment became fully depreciated, partially offset
by depreciation of equipment added to our telecommunications network and capitalized costs of consultants and employees developing internal
use software.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Severance
Expense.</i> In the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, Traditional Communications incurred severance expense of nil and
$0.2 million, respectively, and in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, Traditional Communications incurred severance expense
of $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Operating (Expense) Gain, net</i>. Other operating (expense) gain, net included expense for the indemnification of <span style="color: #222222">a
net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement claims brought against the customer</span> of $33,000 and $55,000
in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $68,000 and $0.4 million in the nine months ended April
30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Other operating (expense) gain, net in the nine months ended April 30, 2021 included a gain related
to the receipt of $2.0 million from the sale to a third party of all our rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee and
Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation. The lawsuit is about claims that merchants paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard
cards between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019 because Visa and Mastercard, individually, and together with their respective member
banks, violated the antitrust laws. Other operating (expense) gain, net in the nine months ended April 30, 2021 also included expense
for an IDT Global settlement of a claim for $0.6 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Corporate</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, charitable contributions, travel, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate
any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General
and Administrative.</i> Corporate general and administrative expense increased in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared
to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 primarily because of increases in employee compensation. As a percentage of our consolidated revenues,
Corporate general and administrative expense was 0.5% in both the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, and 0.6%
in both the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, net<span style="font-style: normal">.
As discussed in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part I of this Quarterly Report, we (as
well as other defendants) have been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of the stockholders of our former subsidiary,
Straight Path Communications Inc., or Straight Path, and a derivative complaint. We incurred legal fees of $1.4 million and $0.3
million in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $5.0 million and $2.0 million in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to this action. Also, we recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims for this
matter of $1.2 million and $0.9 million in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4.1 million
and $2.6 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Consolidated</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a discussion of certain of our consolidated expenses, and our consolidated income and expense line items below income from
operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Related
Party Lease Costs. </i>We lease office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey
that is owned by our former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc., or Rafael. We also lease office space in Israel from Rafael. The Newark
lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025. We incurred lease costs of $0.5 million in each of the three months
ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, and $1.4 million in each of the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, in connection with the Rafael
leases, which is included in consolidated selling, general and administrative expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock-Based
Compensation Expense.</i> Stock-based compensation expense included in consolidated selling, general and administrative expense
was $1.2 million and $0.3 million in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.8 million and
$1.2 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in stock-based compensation expense
in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021 was primarily due to expense related
to the grant in February 2022 of restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock to certain of our employees for which we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $1.2 million, partially offset by reductions in expense for deferred
stock units granted in June 2019. At April 30, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation was
an aggregate of $0.2 million. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting periods
that end in fiscal 2025.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, we paid $4.0 million to purchase shares of series B convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity
method investee, or EMI), and on August 10, 2021, we paid $1.1 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series C convertible preferred
stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares purchased represented 23.95%
of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased our ownership to 26.57% on an as converted
basis. We account for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and we can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI. We determined that on the
dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $3.4 million and $1.0 million between our investment in the EMI and our proportional
interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the dates of the acquisitions
attributed to our interest in the EMI. These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer
list.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net losses on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 included unrealized losses of $0.6 million and $14.1
million, respectively, on shares of Rafael Class B common stock. The net gains on investments in the three and nine months ended
April 30, 2021 included unrealized gains of $4.8 million and $5.6 million, respectively, on shares of Rafael Class B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>(Provision
for) Benefit from</i></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i> Income Taxes.</i> In the
three and nine months ended April 30, 2021, we released $24.0 million of our valuation allowance on the portion of our deferred income
tax assets that we are more likely than not going to utilize. We used the framework of Accounting Standards Codification <i>Income Taxes
(Topic 740)</i> to determine whether the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. We considered the scheduled expiration
of our net operating losses included in our deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in our
assessment of the valuation allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the three consecutive
years of profitability in the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United Kingdom that will
utilize a portion of the net operating losses. Our tax planning strategies were not a significant factor in the analysis. The decrease
in income tax expense in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar periods in fiscal 2021, excluding the
benefit from the valuation allowance released in fiscal 2021, was primarily due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned
in the various taxing jurisdictions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Net
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests</i>. The change in the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the three
months ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021 was due to increases in the net income of NRS and our
variable interest entity, or VIE, as well as a reduction in the net loss of net2phone 2.0, Inc., or net2phone 2.0, which owns
and operates our net2phone-UCaaS segment. The change in the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2021 was due to increases in the net income of NRS and our VIE, partially
offset by an increase in the net loss of net2phone 2.0. As of May 31, 2021, we began consolidating a VIE because we determined that
we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE since we have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact
its economic performance, and we have the obligation to absorb losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially
be significant to it. We do not currently own any interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling
interests.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Liquidity
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>General </b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
As of the date of this Quarterly Report, including the impact of COVID-19, we expect our cash from operations and the balance of cash,
cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments that we held on April 30, 2022 will be sufficient to meet our currently
anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements during the twelve-month period ending April 30, 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments of $136.0 million and working capital
(current assets in excess of current liabilities) of $55.7 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
treat unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC as substantially
restricted and unavailable for other purposes. At April 30, 2022, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in our consolidated balance
sheet included an aggregate of $10.5 million held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC that
was unavailable for other purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Operating Activities </b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
cash flow from operations varies significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year, depending on our operating results and
the timing of operating cash receipts and payments, specifically trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gross
trade accounts receivable increased to $57.9 million at April 30, 2022 from $51.1 million at July 31, 2021 primarily due to amounts
billed in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 that were greater than collections during the period.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
revenue arises from sales of prepaid products and varies from period to period depending on the mix and the timing of revenues. Deferred
revenue decreased to $39.1 million at April 30, 2022 from $42.3 million at July 31, 2021 due to decreases in the BOSS Revolution
Calling and Mobile Top-Up deferred revenue balances.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Customer
deposit liabilities at IDT Financial Services Limited, our Gibraltar-based bank, decreased to $95.1 million at April 30, 2022
from $115.5 million at July 31, 2021. Our restricted cash and cash equivalents included $96.0 million and $115.8 million at April
30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively, held by the bank.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. We have evaluated our state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair decision
and are in the process of reviewing our remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that we have liability
for periods for which we have not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions may change
their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to our operations, and if such changes were made it could materially
and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Investing Activities </b></span></p>

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</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
capital expenditures were $13.8 million and $13.5 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We currently
anticipate that total capital expenditures in the twelve-month period ending April 30, 2023 will be $18 million to $20 million. We expect
to fund our capital expenditures with our net cash provided by operating activities and cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and
current equity investments on hand.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, we paid $4.0 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock, and on August 10,
2021, we paid $1.1 million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares purchased represented 23.95% of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted
basis. The subsequent purchases increased our ownership to 26.57% on an as converted basis.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, net2phone 2.0 purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for cash of $7.1 million,
net of cash acquired. We also recorded an aggregate of $4.5 million for the estimated fair value of future payments subject to holdback
and contingent consideration. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS. The purchase
price also included 27,765 shares of our Class B common stock with a value of $1.0 million that were issued at closing. The
potential future payments are an aggregate of up to $3.3 million, half of which will be paid at the end of 12 months after closing
and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing, subject to holdback for the settlement of claims against
the sellers, if any. The contingent consideration is an aggregate of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental
recurring seat revenue over a four-year period, payable in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, our subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc., purchased all of the outstanding shares of Leaf Global Fintech Corporation,
or Leaf, for cash of $0.3 million, net of cash acquired. We also recorded $3.3 million for the estimated fair value of contingent
consideration. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet services in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda,
Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform available on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing
a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf digital wallet enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies
on their phones domestically and across borders. The Leaf platform leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction
data while maintaining value with stablecoins. Stellar is an open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial
infrastructure, optimized for payments and specifically to support cross-border transactions. The contingent consideration is an aggregate
of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 3, 2020, we acquired 51% of the issued shares of Sochitel UK Ltd., or Sochitel. The purchase price was $2.4 million, net of
cash acquired. Also, pursuant to a Put/Call Option Agreement related to the 5% of the issued shares of Sochitel that the seller did not
initially sell to us, or the Option Shares, the seller exercised its option and on March 22, 2021, we purchased the Option Shares for
$0.3 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 7, 2020, we purchased from Rafael 218,245 newly issued shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock and a warrant to purchase
up to 43,649 shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock at an exercise price of $22.91 at any time on or after December 7, 2020 and
on or prior to June 6, 2022. The aggregate purchase price was $5.0 million. The purchase price was based on a per share price of $22.91,
which was the closing price of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the trading day immediately preceding
the purchase date. On March 15, 2021, we exercised the warrant in full and purchased 43,649 shares of Rafael&#8217;s Class B common stock
for cash of $1.0 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchases
of debt securities and equity investments were $11.3 million and $39.3 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021,
respectively. Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $7.8 million and
$18.7 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.</span></p>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Financing Activities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
distributed cash of $0.4 million and $0.6 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, to the noncontrolling
interests in certain of our subsidiaries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, we received proceeds from financing-related other liabilities of $2.3 million and nil,
respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, we repaid financing-related other liabilities of $1.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc., or IDT Telecom, entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving
credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $25.0 million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working capital requirements
and for certain closing costs of the facility. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility.
In the nine months ended April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $2.6 million under the facility.
The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per
annum at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement
plus 125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest
is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending
upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. IDT Telecom is required to comply with various
affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit
facility. As of April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing 2.5% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis, to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP, or Alta Fox, for cash of $10 million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS redeem all
or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following the fifth
anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets for cash
or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a distribution
of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, we received cash from the exercise of stock options of $0.1 million
and $0.7 million, respectively, for which we issued 10,000 and 81,041 shares, respectively, of our Class B
common stock. In addition, in April 2022, Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of our Board of Directors, exercised stock options
for 1.0 million shares of our Class B common stock that were granted on May 2, 2017. The exercise price of these options was $14.93
per share and the expiration date was May 1, 2022. Mr. Jonas used 528,635 shares of our Class B common stock with a value of $14.9
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have an existing stock repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of our Class B common stock.
The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 8.0&#160;million shares in the aggregate. There were no repurchases under the
program in the nine months ended April 30, 2022. In the nine months ended April 30, 2021, we repurchased 463,792 shares of Class B common
stock for an aggregate purchase price of $2.8 million. At April 30, 2022, 5.8 million shares remained available for repurchase under
the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, we paid $9.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively, to repurchase 200,438 and
109,381 shares, respectively, of our Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of ours to satisfy the employees&#8217;
tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of deferred stock units and lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock. In
addition, in April 2022, Mr. Jonas tendered 137,364 shares of our Class B common stock with a value of $3.9 million to satisfy a
portion of his tax obligations in connection with his stock option exercises. Such shares were repurchased by us
based on their fair market value on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other
Sources and Uses of Resources </i></b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are considering spin-offs and other potential dispositions of certain of our subsidiaries. Some of the transactions under consideration
are in early stages and others are more advanced. A spin-off may include the contribution of a significant amount of cash, cash equivalents,
debt securities, and/or equity securities to the subsidiary prior to the spin-off, which would reduce our capital resources. In fiscal
2021, we announced that our Board of Directors had directed us to prepare for the potential spin-off of our net2phone cloud communications
business. On May 5, 2022, we announced that in light of market conditions, our Board of Directors postponed the spin-off,
which we had been preparing to spin-off on or before July 31, 2022. A spin-off would be subject to authorization by our Board
of Directors. There is no assurance at this time that any of these transactions will be completed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to, where appropriate, make strategic investments and acquisitions to complement, expand, and/or enter into new businesses. In
considering acquisitions and investments, we search for opportunities to profitably grow our existing businesses and/or to add qualitatively
to the range and diversification of businesses in our portfolio. At this time, we cannot guarantee that we will be presented with acquisition
opportunities that meet our return-on-investment criteria, or that our efforts to make acquisitions that meet our criteria will be successful.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<b>Contractual Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments </b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
The following table quantifies our future contractual obligations and other commercial commitments at April 30, 2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td>
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    above table does not include up to $10 million for the potential redemption of shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock, an aggregate
    of $22.0 million in performance bonds, and $14.0 million for other potential payments, due to the uncertainty of the
    amount and/or timing of any such payments.</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements </b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
do not have any &#8220;off-balance sheet arrangements,&#8221; as defined in relevant SEC regulations that are reasonably likely to have
a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources, other
than the following.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
In connection with our spin-off of Straight Path in July 2013, we and Straight Path entered into various agreements prior to the spin-off
including a Separation and Distribution Agreement to effect the separation and provide a framework for our relationship with Straight
Path after the spin-off, and a Tax Separation Agreement, which sets forth the responsibilities of us and Straight Path with respect to,
among other things, liabilities for federal, state, local and foreign taxes for periods before and including the spin-off, the preparation
and filing of tax returns for such periods and disputes with taxing authorities regarding taxes for such periods. Pursuant to the Separation
and Distribution Agreement, we indemnify Straight Path and Straight Path indemnifies us for losses related to the failure of the other
to pay, perform or otherwise discharge, any of the liabilities and obligations set forth in the agreement. Pursuant to the Tax Separation
Agreement, we indemnify Straight Path from all liability for taxes of Straight Path or any of its subsidiaries or relating to the Straight
Path business with respect to taxable periods ending on or before the spin-off, from all liability for taxes of ours, other than Straight
Path and its subsidiaries, for any taxable period, and from all liability for taxes due to the spin-off. (See Note 17 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part I of this Quarterly Report).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<b></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217; financial
requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At April 30, 2022, we had aggregate performance bonds of
$22.0 million outstanding.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_002"></span>Item
3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Foreign
Currency Risk</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from our international operations were 29% and 29% of our consolidated revenues in the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021,
respectively, and 28% and 20% of our consolidated revenues in the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. On February
1, 2021, we changed the geographic sourcing of certain revenues from the United States to the United Kingdom. A significant portion of
our revenues is in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Our foreign currency exchange risk is somewhat mitigated by our ability to
offset a portion of these non-U.S. Dollar-denominated revenues with operating expenses that are paid in the same currencies. While the
impact from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates affects our revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, the net amount
of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes at the end of each reporting period is generally not material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Investment
Risk</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
hold a portion of our assets in debt and equity securities, including hedge funds, for strategic and speculative purposes. At April 30,
2022, the value of our debt and equity securities was an aggregate of $46.2 million, which represented 9.2% of our total
assets. Investments in debt and equity securities carry a degree of risk and depend to a great extent on correct assessments of the future
course of price movements of securities and other instruments. There can be no assurance that our investment managers will be able to
accurately predict these price movements. The securities markets have in recent years been characterized by great volatility and unpredictability.
Accordingly, the value of our investments may go down as well as up and we may not receive the amounts originally invested upon redemption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_003"></span>Item
4. Controls and Procedures</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.</i> Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of
our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended),
as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of April 30, 2022.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.</i> There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter
ended April 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="sss_004"></span>PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_005"></span>Item
1. Legal Proceedings</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
proceedings in which we are involved are described in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part
I of this Quarterly Report.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_006"></span>Item
1A. Risk Factors</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
are no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A to Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended July 31, 2021, except for the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Our
research and development (&#8220;R&amp;D&#8221;) may be adversely affected by ongoing developments in Belarus and Ukraine.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have a significant number of R&amp;D personnel in Belarus. Belarus shares borders with both Russia and Ukraine. In February 2022, in
connection with escalating tensions involving Russia and Ukraine, Russian military personnel stationed in Belarus were part of an invasion
force by Russian forces into Ukraine. In response to the support and facilitation by Belarus for the invasion, the United States,
the European Union, or E.U., and various other nations imposed sanctions against multiple individuals and entities in Belarus.
Other potential retaliatory measures could be taken by the United States and other countries, particularly if Belarus were to take a
more active role in the conflict. While we continue to monitor the situation in Belarus closely, any prolonged or expanded unrest, military
activities, or sanctions could have an adverse effect on our future product roadmap and R&amp;D. We cannot predict whether additional
sanctions or other measures will be imposed, or the nature of severity of those measures, and whether they will directly or indirectly
impact our R&amp;D in Belarus or elsewhere.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
our Belarussian R&amp;D personnel could be impacted by retaliatory actions taken by third parties related to actual or perceived Belarussian
actions in support of the invasion, including cyberattacks.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Should
the military conflict expand to Belarus, our operations there could likely be impacted, including due to availability of personnel, electrical
outages, cyber-attacks and actual battles in areas where we have personnel.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
of the foregoing could have an adverse impact on our ability to research and develop new technology, including corrections or enhancements
of existing platforms supporting our current products and services or development of new or complementary offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Our
U.K.-based businesses and business between the United Kingdom and other countries face risks related to the United Kingdom leaving the
European Union (&#8220;Brexit&#8221;).</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
operate our business worldwide, including meaningful operations in the United Kingdom. Accordingly, we are subjected to risks from changes
in the regulatory environment in various countries. On June 23, 2016, the electorate in the United Kingdom voted in favor of leaving
the E.U. (commonly referred to as &#8220;Brexit&#8221;). The United Kingdom formally left the E.U. on April 30, 2020 and
had entered a transition period until December 31, 2020. The E.U. and the United Kingdom concluded the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation
Agreement (the &#8220;TCA&#8221;) on December 24, 2020, which took effect provisionally on January 1, 2021, and became formally applicable
on May 1, 2021. The TCA sets out the arrangements between the United Kingdom and E.U. on trade in certain areas (e.g., goods and
some services, energy, fisheries, social security coordination), however there is still uncertainty over how its terms will play out
in practice and there are key aspects of the United Kingdom&#8217;s relationship with the E.U. which are not covered by the TCA,
such as in respect of financial services. We expect that uncertainty over the terms of the TCA and other future agreements between the
United Kingdom and E.U. will continue to cause political and economic uncertainty, which could harm our business and financial
results. The withdrawal will, among other outcomes, disrupt the free movement of goods, services and people between the United Kingdom
and the E.U., and result in increased legal and regulatory complexities, as well as potential higher costs of conducting business
in Europe. Until there is greater understanding on how the terms of the TCA will play out in practice, and until the terms of other potential
agreements that the United Kingdom may eventually enter into with the E.U. are known, it is not possible to determine the extent
of the impact that the United Kingdom&#8217;s departure from the E.U. and/or any related matters may have on us; however, any of these
effects of Brexit, and others we cannot anticipate, could adversely affect our business, business opportunities, results of operations,
financial condition, and cash flows. Likewise, similar actions taken by European and other countries in which we operate could have a
similar or even more profound impact.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Further,
Brexit could adversely affect European and worldwide economic or market conditions and could contribute to instability in global financial
markets, and the value of the Pound Sterling currency or other currencies, including the Euro. We are exposed to the economic, market,
and fiscal conditions in the United Kingdom and the E.U. and to changes in any of these conditions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
Financial Services Limited, or IDTFS, our Gibraltar-based bank, currently operates under a license from the Gibraltar Financial Services
Commission. As an overseas British Territory, following the expiration of the Brexit transition period, the passporting rights previously
enjoyed by IDTFS under E.U. law ceased to be in effect. IDTFS made alternative arrangements with third parties to service customers
in E.U. countries. Our inability to service these customers will lead to a reduction in the revenues previously earned from them.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_007"></span>Item
2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides information with respect to purchases by us of our shares during the third quarter of fiscal 2022:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total Number of Shares Purchased</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average Price per Share</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 32%">February 1-28, 2022</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">5,768,497</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>March 1&#8211;31, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,768,497</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>April 1&#8211;30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,768,497</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Total</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">(1)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">On
January 22, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program to purchase up to 8.0 million shares of our Class B common
stock.</td></tr>
                                                                                                                  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_008"></span>Item
3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_009"></span>Item
4. Mine Safety Disclosures</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="sss_010"></span>Item
5. Other Information</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item
6</b>. <b><span id="sss_011"></span>Exhibits</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify; width: 1in"><b>Exhibit<br />
    Number</b></td>
    <td style="width: 0.1in">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><b>Description</b></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    31.1*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex31-1.htm">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to &#167;302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    31.2*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex31-2.htm">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to &#167;302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    32.1*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex32-1.htm">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to &#167;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    32.2*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex32-2.htm">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to &#167;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.SCH*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inline
    </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.CAL*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Inline  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.DEF*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Inline  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.LAB*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Inline  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
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                                            Filed or furnished herewith.</span></td></tr>


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<p style="margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="sss_012"></span>SIGNATURES</b></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.</span></p>

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</span></p>

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    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>IDT
    CORPORATION</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 50%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 3%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 47%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June
    9, 2022</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    SHMUEL JONAS</i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
                                            <b>Shmuel Jonas</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Chief Executive Officer</b></span></p></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June
    9, 2022</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
    MARCELO FISCHER</i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
                                            <b>Marcelo Fischer</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Chief Financial Officer </b></span></p></td></tr>
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<TYPE>EX-31.1
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
<B>EXHIBIT 31.1 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CERTIFICATION
OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PURSUANT
TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Shmuel Jonas, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of IDT Corporation;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
June 9, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    SHMUEL JONAS</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shmuel Jonas</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief Executive Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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                         &nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<B>EXHIBIT 31.2 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CERTIFICATION
OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PURSUANT
TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Marcelo Fischer, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of IDT Corporation;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
Date: June 9, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    MARCELO FISCHER</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">    <B>Marcelo Fischer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">    <B>Chief Financial Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
32.1 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18
U.S.C. Section 1350</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(as
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Quarterly Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2022
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Shmuel Jonas, Chief Executive Officer of the Company,
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
Date: June 9, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    SHMUEL JONAS</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <B>Shmuel Jonas</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <B>Chief Executive Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<B>EXHIBIT 32.2 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18
U.S.C. Section 1350</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(as
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Quarterly Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2022
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Marcelo Fischer, Chief Financial Officer of the Company,
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
Date: June 9, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;
</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    MARCELO FISCHER</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">    <B>Marcelo Fischer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    </FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <B>Chief Financial Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Segment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:to="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">National Retail Solutions [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:to="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mobile Top-Up [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_OtherMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="country_US" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_US" xlink:to="country_US_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_US_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED STATES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2022/country-2022.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="country_GB" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_GB" xlink:to="country_GB_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_GB_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED KINGDOM</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_OthersMember" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OthersMember" xlink:to="IDT_OthersMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonUsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonUsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonUsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-US [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographic Distribution [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NewarkMember" xlink:label="IDT_NewarkMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NewarkMember" xlink:to="IDT_NewarkMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NewarkMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Newark [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Payment Services [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Security Category [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Municipal Bonds [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mutual Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series B And Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Hedge Funds [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Investments [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrestricted Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" xlink:label="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CommonStockClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_IntegraCCSMember" xlink:label="IDT_IntegraCCSMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IntegraCCSMember" xlink:to="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IntegraCCSMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Integra CCS [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT International Telecom, Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" xlink:label="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember" xlink:to="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer Relationships [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TradeNamesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade Names [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncompete Agreements [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidated Entities [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_StraightPathMember" xlink:label="IDT_StraightPathMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StraightPathMember" xlink:to="IDT_StraightPathMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StraightPathMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Straight Path [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingency Nature [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Name [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Telecom [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember" xlink:label="IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Howard S. Jonas [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-vested Restricted Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" xlink:label="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Universal Service Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves Type [Axis]</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,061 at April 30, 2022 and $4,438 at July 31, 2021</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant, and equipment, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other intangibles, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income tax assets, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 3,058 and 2,192 shares of Class B common stock at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss, current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and expenses:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Direct cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative (i)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Severance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total costs and expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other operating (expense) gain, net (see Note 11)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income from operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other (expense) income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income before income taxes</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive (loss) income:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive (loss) income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquisition</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BALANCE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business acquisition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for doubtful accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net unrealized loss (gain) from marketable securities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in assets and liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock and warrant</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of other liabilities.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related To Companys Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2023</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2025</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2026</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Thereafter</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less imputed interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Within one year</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After one year through five years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After five years through ten years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After ten years</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current equity investments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">[custom:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:to="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemptions</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity in the net loss of investee</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of the period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Direct cost of revenues</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total costs and expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from operations</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other expense</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related party shares received</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Downward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized losses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities, FV-NI, Unrealized Gain</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Effective Yield (Interest Rate)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Due Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" xlink:label="IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tradename (5-year useful life)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-compete agreements (6-year useful lives)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use asset</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net assets excluding cash acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income of the VIE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ScheduleOfOtherOperatingCostAndExpenseByComponentTable [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Component of Operating Other Cost and Expense [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:to="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:to="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet" xlink:label="IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet" xlink:to="IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;IDT Global settlement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total other operating (expense) gain, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingencies [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingencies [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" xlink:label="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties" xlink:to="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">[custom:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving credit amount outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of lines of credit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from lines of credit</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock by Class [Table]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Repurchase Program, Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of common stock options exercise, value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of common stock options exercise</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation, exercise price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation, expiration date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of common stock options exercise</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of common stock options exercise, value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of common stock options exercise</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Additional Shares Authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital stock outstanding percentage</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTable" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:to="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Performance bonds outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity in net loss of investee</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">(Losses) gains on investments (see Note 7)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total other (expense) income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" xlink:to="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in valuation allowance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NewarkMember" xlink:to="IDT_NewarkMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NewarkMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Newark [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Payment Services [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Number of related party shares received.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment" xlink:to="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of recognized unrealized gain (loss) net on equity securities redeemed (FV-NI).</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember" xlink:to="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Unrestricted Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization Of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in current assets.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional communications other.</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_HowardSJonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_HowardSJonasMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Howard S. Jonas [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_CommonClassBOneMember" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassBOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonClassBOneMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonClassBOneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassBOneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common Class B One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20220430.xsd#IDT_CommonClassBTwoMember" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassBTwoMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonClassBTwoMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonClassBTwoMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassBTwoMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common Class B Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability current.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements" xlink:to="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed non-complete agreements</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MobileTopUpMember" xlink:to="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MobileTopUpMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mobile Top-Up [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OthersMember" xlink:to="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued to related party during period value stock options exercised.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation, exercise price.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued during period shares used for stock options exercised.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding" xlink:to="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued during period shares used for tax withholding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ClassBCommonStockMember</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Distributions to Noncontrolling Interest Holders</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest, Increase from Business Combination</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable Securities, Gain (Loss)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock" xlink:to="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Marketable Securities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments of Capital Distribution</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050035016">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 06, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-Q<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport', window );">Document Quarterly Report</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr. 30,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--07-31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-16371<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">IDT
CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001005731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">22-3415036<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">520
    Broad Street<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Newark<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07102<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(973)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">438-1000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class
    B common stock, par value $.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">IDT<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574,326<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,666,662<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-Q<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 308<br> -Subsection a<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051671704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 97,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">100,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,061 at April 30, 2022 and $4,438 at July 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,881<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,644<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding', window );">Disbursement prefunding</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,656<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,676<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,694<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,442<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,779<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">371,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">388,135<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,897<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,578<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,654<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,919<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,671<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet', window );">Deferred income tax assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,502<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,365<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,389<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">503,270<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,817<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,502<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">118,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,054<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,293<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent', window );">Customer deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">95,104<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">115,524<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,103<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,930<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">315,363<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">339,334<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,322<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,473<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,326<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,234<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">327,011<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">346,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount', window );">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,099<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">295,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 3,058 and 2,192 shares of Class B common stock at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(88,175)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(33,072)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42,858)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">163,637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,864<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,614<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">503,270<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 264<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disbursement prefunding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisbursementPrefunding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of excess of issue price over par or stated value of stock and from other transaction involving stock or stockholder. Includes, but is not limited to, additional paid-in capital (APIC) for common and preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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-Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 4: 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FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126919976&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126919976&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity), and investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (trading), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123427490&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current portion, due within one year or one operating cycle, if longer, of deposits held other than customer deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123594786&amp;loc=SL75136599-209740<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124433192&amp;loc=SL2890621-112765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
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<tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6387103&amp;loc=d3e6435-108320<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905020&amp;loc=d3e5879-108316<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-06(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120401414&amp;loc=d3e604059-122996<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>As of the reporting date, the aggregate carrying amount of all noncontrolling interests which are redeemable by the (parent) entity (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the (parent) entity. This item includes noncontrolling interest holder's ownership (or holders' ownership) regardless of the type of equity interest (common, preferred, other) including all potential organizational (legal) forms of the investee entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (16)(c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (12)(c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122040564&amp;loc=SL6540498-122764<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122038336&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124436220&amp;loc=d3e21930-107793<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23315-112656<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214049922072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss, current</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,061<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,725<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,379<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,187<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,058<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,192<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123577603&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255206&amp;loc=SL82895884-210446<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=SL123496158-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=SL123496158-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051822888">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 328,353<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 373,831<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,035,494<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,057,022<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Costs and expenses:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses', window );">Direct cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)</a></td>
<td class="nump">247,565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,797<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">796,516<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">843,116<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative (i)</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,772<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">183,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,591<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,425<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,381<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1', window );">Severance</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">439<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total costs and expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">314,846<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,554<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">993,864<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,018,527<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Other operating (expense) gain, net (see Note 11)</a></td>
<td class="num">(179)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">595<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,550<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,045<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Interest income, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">85<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">217<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other (expense) income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,068)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,815<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(24,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,608<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Income before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,345<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,812<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,904<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45,876<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">(Provision for) benefit from income taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,239)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,887)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,142<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,018<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(335)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,231)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(274)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,348<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 57,744<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.18<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.42<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.38<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.18<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.39<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.37<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.23<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,475<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,136<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,903<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 4: 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128363288&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22644-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128363288&amp;loc=d3e3842-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22595-107794<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126732423&amp;loc=SL123482106-238011<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126941158&amp;loc=d3e41242-110953<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399901&amp;loc=d3e537907-122884<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122134291&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121826272&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123586238&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431687&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of operating interest income (expense).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.10)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Excludes Selling, General and Administrative Expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses for special or contractual termination benefits provided to current employees involuntarily terminated under a benefit arrangement associated exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to one-time termination benefits, a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
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<tr>
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<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055547000">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation included in selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 275<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,840<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,215<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051655672">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,106<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 36,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,018<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities</a></td>
<td class="num">(224)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(180)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(547)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(163)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(29)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">747<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(611)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(817)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive (loss) income</a></td>
<td class="num">(253)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(980)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,853<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,965<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,859<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,038<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(335)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,231)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(274)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,518<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 56,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(26))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4613674-111683<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120409616&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(20))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123602790&amp;loc=d3e30304-110892<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980362&amp;loc=d3e28129-110885<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32022-110900<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a-c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442407-227067<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32136-110900<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124507222&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442411-227067<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax and before adjustment, of unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale). Excludes unrealized gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity) from transfer to available-for-sale.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051201608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</div></th>
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<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2020</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 71,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 260<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 277,443<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (56,221)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,410)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (139,333)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,633)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,343)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,343)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,849)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,849)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance', window );">Grant of restricted equity in subsidiary</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,195)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,195<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,215<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,212<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(646)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(646)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(980)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(980)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">274<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">127,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">277,125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,390)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(81,589)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">131<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(21)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,941<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">90,416<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">276,871<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,957)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(117,937)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">556<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">275<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">275<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(228)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(228)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,348<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">127,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">277,125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,390)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(81,589)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">131<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="num">(268)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(21)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(247)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,614<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">264<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,413)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,788)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,974)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,974)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,840<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,837<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(359)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(359)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,132<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">295,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(88,175)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(33,072)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,523<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">162,980<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">267<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(69,387)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,088)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(37,843)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,385<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options by Howard S. Jonas</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,858)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,788)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Business acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(161)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(161)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(253)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(253)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,070<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">299<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 166,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 295,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (88,175)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (33,072)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,523<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued to related party during period value stock options exercised.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedToRelatedPartyDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11149-113907<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11178-113907<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126961718&amp;loc=d3e4534-113899<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Decrease in noncontrolling interest balance from payment of dividends or other distributions by the non-wholly owned subsidiary or partially owned entity, included in the consolidation of the parent entity, to the noncontrolling interest holders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromBusinessCombination</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from subsidiary issuance of equity interests to noncontrolling interest holders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126929396&amp;loc=SL4569655-111683<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseFromSubsidiaryEquityIssuance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442407-227067<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32136-110900<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124507222&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124431353&amp;loc=SL124442411-227067<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050115752">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
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<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,381<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits', window );">Deferred income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,811)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Provision for doubtful accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,578<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,220<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss', window );">Net unrealized loss (gain) from marketable securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">19,705<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(508)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,840<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,215<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,486<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,415)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Change in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Trade accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,461)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,626<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(20,504)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,961)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,566)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,154)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,843)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,078)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="num">(948)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,611<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by operating activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,261<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,144<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Capital expenditures</a></td>
<td class="num">(13,794)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,455)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,051)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(7,546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,656)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant', window );">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock and warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock', window );">Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities', window );">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,277)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(39,347)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,670<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(25,916)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(46,788)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Financing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(359)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(646)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt', window );">Proceeds from other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherDebt', window );">Repayment of other liabilities.</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,319)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(69)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility.</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,566)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit', window );">Proceeds from sale of redeemable equity in subsidiary</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">686<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,832)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,192)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash used in financing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,072)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,221)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(14,093)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,820)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,213)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">226,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">201,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">198,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">195,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1', window );">Liabilities incurred for acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">393<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock issued for acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1', window );">Cashless exercise of stock options in exchange for shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of payments for purchase of common stock and warrants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentsToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStockAndWarrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise of warrant to purchase shares of Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PaymentsToExerciseWarrantToAcquireRelatedPartyCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123444420&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) and income tax credits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123444420&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 912<br> -SubTopic 310<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126938201&amp;loc=d3e55415-109406<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in current liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in marketable security, including other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of [all] liabilities that an Entity assumes in acquiring a business or in consideration for an asset received in a noncash (or part noncash) acquisition. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that affect recognized assets or liabilities but that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionValueOfLiabilitiesAssumed1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of the noncash (or part noncash) consideration given (for example, liability, equity) in a transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of a transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationGiven1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of the noncash (or part noncash) consideration received in a transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of a transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherSignificantNoncashTransactionValueOfConsiderationReceived1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash outflow to owners or shareholders, excluding ordinary dividends. Includes special dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfCapitalDistribution</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for purchase of marketable security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26853-111562<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from debt classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow resulting from the sale of an interest in a corporate unit during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfInterestInCorporateUnit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (reversal of expense) for expected credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124255953&amp;loc=SL82919249-210447<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for the payment of debt classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053364536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_zI23HyCslxga" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_z0sc6jbTh1Uj">Basis of Presentation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;IDT&#8221;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending
July 31, 2022. The balance sheet at July 31, 2021 has been derived from the Company&#8217;s audited financial statements at that date
but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information,
please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2022 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2022).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the business description and basis of presentation concepts. Business description describes the nature and type of organization including but not limited to organizational structure as may be applicable to holding companies, parent and subsidiary relationships, business divisions, business units, business segments, affiliates and information about significant ownership of the reporting entity. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122369<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122149<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2134479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214146301608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Business Segment Information</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zpMNbPsn3Cf7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zyr1a0HIknwh">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220430_z7bI0as1HsQ8">three</span></span>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#8220;UCaaS&#8221;), or net2phone-UCaaS, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#8217;s reportable segments
are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these business
segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments are the
same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The Company
evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider
of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone-UCaaS segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s cloud communications offerings.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services),
a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional
Communications also includes other smaller businesses, some of which are in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, business development, charitable contributions, travel, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate
does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBwB4EuJfWMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zKNMQlrlaON6" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fintech</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">net2phone-<br/>
UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Traditional Communications</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Corporate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended April 30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%">Revenues</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">26,923</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0913">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">328,353</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">157</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(2,257</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,960</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">13,328</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended April 30, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">16,644</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">11,445</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">345,742</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0933">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">373,831</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Loss) income from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,403</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(3,965</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">20,355</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,115</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">13,872</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">72,573</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">42,003</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">920,918</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Loss) income from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(63</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(9,315</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">57,372</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(7,073</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">40,921</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053643128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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3&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zxBX0wtHa0f7">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone-UCaaS are technology-driven, synergistic
businesses that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time, and in some cases (mainly
with respect to net2phone-UCaaS) is recognized over time. Traditional Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications
services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile
Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through
distributors and retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disaggregated
Revenues</i></span></p>

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<p id="xdx_8AD_zXjGLhGvKzvh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/>&#160;</p>

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following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B5_zurfCuJk6Kt1" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zV9uxF1NkWXa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ziwTZc7feyFb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zGDuFqkqUiXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zAAnETbTAbpb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1073">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1074">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zzCGGS1bg5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1078">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5,601</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">12,544</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">18,145</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zkLKxXTP9GHb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total outside the United States</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1083">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5,601</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">104,596</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">110,197</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zC0XXPeuEpHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zab8nPZsxsvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z3Uxp1V4u9tf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">233,647</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVmFcDY4c97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zdyL3TfljK5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zZL3GKUlC8Sf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Remaining
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company does not have any significant revenue from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous reporting periods.
The Company&#8217;s remaining performance obligations as of April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021 had an original expected duration of one
year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Accounts
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#8217;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract
liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets as &#8220;Deferred revenue&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zdUqcEcXhhvj" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Information About Contract Liability Balance</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<p id="xdx_8A0_z0u7xnTM3g26" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover as an asset. The Company&#8217;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone-UCaaS sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8pG2sZV79O6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zaiPqTYVdaI3" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210731" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2021</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zTt7Bk5eyH49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred customer
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,978</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,460</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zSWrQLQKx2Le" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,151</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zwmcW5uB3Lp5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zrkYOUadgxzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B4_zy2Ax1oS0Wl" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053342232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock', window );">Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zTKV6qh9Yf13" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zx6Zsjx99PUi">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zSVj4mzAg1pi">one
year</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">to <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_z7KIkooTwy34">six
years</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">. net2phone-UCaaS also has operating leases
for office equipment. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The
Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise the options to extend or terminate the leases.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey that is owned
by the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;Rafael&#8221;). The Company also leases office space in Israel
from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors
of Rafael. <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zs9RM392XUJk">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
each of the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zjV4miBUNLT9"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zxqBCcDuiBz3">0.5</span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, and in each of the nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrLMaKwHnrmg"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zPQ9SM68fudh">1.4</span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in connection with the Rafael leases,
which is included in operating lease cost in the table below.</span></p>

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<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zxV1wRlOXqI9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_z50oCCPaiz03" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zUjOXeB5gs2a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,076</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zN2MHA64Ff8d" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_zfjYYWOo9o16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zKtSEMligHij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zvI0sL5cxenf" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
    30,<br/> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zCuYOueKFGa2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220430_zJFXOIZ8ax5b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.0</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zTZoqf770agi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.9</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zhkB8gpJ3ZC" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company entered into new office leases with an aggregate operating lease liability of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430_zpwYovSRxgA3">2.2
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. The Company&#8217;s aggregate operating
lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zYD84FI09tij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zKsrpic9SHUa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zIKsXFeyGKc7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
    30,<br/> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210731_zrXmX0fT99M3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_z6tZhpMaFBg3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,892</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,456</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_zZHmLpkYhT3e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,473</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzhJD_zLHPIZBwOVBg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,214</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,929</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zR6epFxRLI59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zYeSYFIn16e7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zuBy0dT8JNP9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_49C_20220430_zHHtbpgtuMh4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Twelve-month period ending
    April 30:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z4jllPobrnQ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zFnCvZSk8xHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,643</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zL64WUeOyWh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,362</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z2mByCG8Pxya" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">283</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zloFMIKDrMgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">141</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zs57cAtb0HW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">83</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzZon_zxBkFIqpoJv7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,613</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zG9GUiCncX16" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(399</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8AC_zUk8jAQTbn9d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=77888251<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053186328">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zW6YFsNkDhbc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zkkdkWvnWFZ9">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zSwGGKtbkVvk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zqv1fIa813f5" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220430_zensQCu0G4dk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
    30,<br/> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210731_zTeCyiqlIFKk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zp65x6tnF5L5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">97,139</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">107,147</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zVeGUhLwyWH1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100,957</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">119,769</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzaal_zakV1pZ6COob" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">198,096</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">226,916</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8AB_zzdEQ6QWnVle" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zr5uGPU5Ail5">96.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zgWpDkoy81ej">115.8
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, in restricted cash and
cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#8217;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, &#8220;Cash and cash equivalents&#8221; in the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance
sheets included an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zkwfKfz7IFF7">10.5
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Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for cash and cash equivalent footnotes, which may include the types of deposits and money market instruments, applicable carrying amounts, restricted amounts and compensating balance arrangements. Cash and equivalents include: (1) currency on hand (2) demand deposits with banks or financial institutions (3) other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits (4) short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only investments maturing within three months from the date of acquisition qualify.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053194072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zs1n3onI6Gcl" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zpaYCkt3h6yi">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zXUuVUaw6zF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zpNAfpvzt7M8" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amortized
                                            Cost&#160;</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
                                            Unrealized Gains&#160;</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
                                            Unrealized Losses</b>&#160;</span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value&#160;</b>&#160;</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>(in
    thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April 30, 2022:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td id="xdx_F46_z5U4ZTw1dwul" style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zKuGGvb8zMT" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z4Wc28TaArud" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUe1lAm8Hqg5" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zOjODhvg8SHk" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,991</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z4LU2hp7HDE" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,964</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuaiuRzeBs52" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zWsRTqli2MV8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(80</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zV0HCYfTbm74" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,885</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zzn6JxrVSyf1" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zXWQ1f064S32" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4yHgmfWI7vl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(452</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zximDU1qcNE3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,505</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Municipal
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zxIVAjZJya2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,341</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zU5un8LkTdx5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_ztYrX0nzC9X7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(16</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zyQUTu8Zio37" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,325</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,669</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1313">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zotveLus89Lk" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(17</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,652</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,327</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL9CJ1EWb633" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(33</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,332</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,825</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1329">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z4cz9VZDz2og" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,825</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,021</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zGIFLV8onQzc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(50</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,012</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0F_zTTSgyTrdlk5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F10_zwkGNFr6vzzl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.</span></td>
</tr></table>

<p id="xdx_8A2_zhMd4jdlWDK7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430_zVPxUW97u1lj">1.9
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430_zhs3qoew9eti">7.1
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in the three months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively, and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430_z5JxseGaRCej">7.8
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430_zvM2yowz9fY7">18.7
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in the three and nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains and realized losses on the
sales of debt securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zZ1zHTNHW9p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z68fp3fFa0D4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20220430_zLqmW9JqOF76" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_z05BlBc1SNcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 26%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,868</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zxK0Tdue5Y6l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,544</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zSuW4yOTLza6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,723</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zVX921PSjOSg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDzELz_zZMv9NsmG6e1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,706</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A1_znzS4R6MPLm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zJZZGjQke6E2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zIPMBAJpxMCh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
    30, 2022:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"/></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
    of deposit</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zp5CTJRdH3ia" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zjaAR4VsxOS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,991</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zxIA359xMWok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zZN8zzn8hH0j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">887</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zWRBZFC0RLk3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">452</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zcW0Mv8JJurc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,495</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Municipal
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z2rYJhWzd8D7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z7bCNkabv8xl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,907</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zIzznT0HTIS2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,280</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    31, 2021:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zLy1iZjOVKPc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,652</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zLu57Z0GwEOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,293</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zZ1njMoLBVQ3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">50</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,945</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p id="xdx_8A5_zFKdigLZUHoj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zGvEoBcPrzVl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At April 30, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_zbFbbTc96Mn7" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7elu7225Fhk" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zc32EyUzUw6f" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">887</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A4_zLtvJZUaZ7S9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely
than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at
maturity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053194072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock', window );">Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zzrcgoSP6Ww1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_826_zrZDB3G6hbH3">Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zzjY0J4I20A5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zI1jdcGyrvEk" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">217</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,479</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zkg1tXqM9uS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zJ3yECThetGi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zKGYkrdngXP5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p id="xdx_8AA_z0mZGSMvV4xe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company received the shares of Zedge, Inc. (&#8220;Zedge&#8221;) Class B common stock and <span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zGTR4097XgV5">28,320
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">of the shares of Rafael Class B common stock
set forth in the table above in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on Zedge and Rafael restricted stock held by certain of the
Company&#8217;s employees and the Company&#8217;s payment of taxes related thereto. The Company purchased <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z5z3C2aUB3gh">261,894
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of Rafael Class B common stock in fiscal
2021, including <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4ITYxgQqK29" title="Related party shares received">43,649</span> shares that were not available for sale, assignment, or transfer until the restrictions lapsed in September
2021. Howard S. Jonas is the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_zywlMfZb2VQ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_z6yuIPfetSLh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zjLGFhEp7Qsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zVMMJkjtvf69" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zfnxIURDe697" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adjustment for observable
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  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zTdiIHuesl48" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z2IB7Ciwqbod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1479">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zWt1BzG8Peq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, end of the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AF_z1x6QA6vBxh4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zCupFm1LWKlj">0.1</span> million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zkQTuPPgkEw">0.3</span> million in the three
and nine months ended April 30, 2022, respectively, and the Company increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred
it held by $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z7gWl4W0eCAk"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zH6VODvbmlf6">0.4</span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million in both the three and nine months
ended April 30, 2021, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zIj4xNcfLEr9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zHdYeN39icC4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zAWPjccL8Eyf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zy0cUB3e8jHd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1500">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
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<p id="xdx_8AC_zHTTomlztfm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net losses on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 included unrealized losses of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNYTgP0HuLkf" title="Unrealized losses">0.6</span>
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNxDgBD36eBe">14.1
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, on shares of Rafael
Class B common stock. The net gains on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021 included unrealized gains of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z8cLlDcJjnH9">4.8
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmB7SbQFPQ5j">5.6
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, on shares of Rafael Class
B common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Equity
Method Investment </i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn6n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDnOqRZu98gk">4.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million to purchase shares of series B convertible
preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid
$<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNPrcj8wh89d">1.1
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million to purchase shares of the EMI&#8217;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zyj9x5w7r7W7">23.95</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#8217;s ownership to <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zUsYiDbqVmhh">26.57</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
on an as converted basis.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210202_zTbFzXJLe2w8">3.4
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn6n6_c20210810_zfluvHeTS1g">1.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million between its investment in the EMI and
its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the dates of the
acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year
estimated life of the customer list. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method basis difference
is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221; (see Note 18).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 10, 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn6n6_c20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zh3qK0Wioeqe">1.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. The note provides for interest on the
principal amount at <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDbY7oF6Bpta">15</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%
per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zZYaFsQij5X1">August
3, 2022</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zpM3G1J63Om9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zlaO0VZiYRza" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nine
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    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3_zZUDKxQr7L81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_ztcnKBhDBKcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase of convertible preferred
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,472</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zXWwksj71t6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_z181s8g52p71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows (fiscal 2021 financial information is for the period from February 2, 2021 to April 30,
2021):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zfKL1Q6nsZNc" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Statements of Operations</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_zTQfCNGPKhi3" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zXoBrfc31SB6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,689</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">718</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Costs and expenses:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingCostsAndExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkfoST17NED" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Direct
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">804</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,307</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">804</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,525</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,525</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztlaVx65M1Pc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for cash, cash equivalents, investments in debt and equity instruments (including cost and equity investees and related income statement amounts), equity and cost method investments, investments in joint ventures and any other investment.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053192632">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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8&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zgXlEHSOLec2">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zxnHOqBHOvXl" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,706</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoCZBHBgFxT4" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,179</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znUovlo3iRl1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1599">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zPMaTOZXBWGk" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zu8eW7DGnwga" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,179</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zqjuQQSehPH6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1605">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zm0bKV4Sfc42" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1607">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zNEs0lEGuSya" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBVQW6SYEUvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqGmOxyEhTOk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQad4TLC4Rm9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41,016</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    consideration included in:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zw88nnY5lGBh" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zikYnvnrZaRe" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zP2Vw6djpvh7" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2,578</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zd121Besvksi" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5,970</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zDpu3AteqZn4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8,548</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHkHvbde0pKb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8,548</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July 31, 2021</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Debt securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zh1g4PmA0yRg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,652</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zz04aKRNMhfl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,360</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zEZxwq5upjzf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zW2BudcAcL4a" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40,225</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zqEiHgvLuBKa" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,209</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zr88p94XWix6" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1657">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42,434</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpwvbzIFEHV5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1663">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zdr9yEoHBB43" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,465</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,465</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    consideration included in:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z1ULdPz2hLu" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1677">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zIqo9d2AZpK" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1679">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zolBX7QeV0S9" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(628</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z5C71osuDwnk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1685">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zZthBlWDOl74" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1687">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zszph7svvMKf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(397</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zCtrerbqyUsg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(397</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zlpYC2OIvwc2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1693">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z5IbGdQLnf7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zz2eHSYYM7Yk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F07_z7GGx7Q6j7Gj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zbga8ug68JU3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0D_zd30D4OCgAO4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zpnUE9TmNdLi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F00_zn1HWVLfzNXl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_zFhF1mUecdka" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market</span></td>
</tr></table>

<p id="xdx_8AD_zCZWOVWI99p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the Company had $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_z83AZZXGwXw3">2.6
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_znwi1s8XMm88">3.6
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, in investments in hedge
funds, which were included in noncurrent &#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s
investments in hedge funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_z1PCN2Aecaa1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zbxivLCiTrc9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220201__20220430_z3cGXbiCGysb" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210201__20210430_zpc1GQxjlza2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_zPEuIDnvSfJf" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210430_zvbFnnr1JUb7" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Three
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nine
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2021</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3_zSF6jpesBYGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,319</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,825</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zPulXCZwqk57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1713">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1714">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1715">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">354</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zuz265WYAbyk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1718">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(380</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1720">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(380</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zReE8uFA2P2j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Redemption for Visa mandatory
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<p id="xdx_8A5_zMWeMnIn0hU5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zL4bIJwFwWbi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_z1wSA1e21cHa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p id="xdx_8A1_zfrvU4M33VQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities. </i>At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period
of time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as
Level 1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities. </i>At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053171256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAndAssetAcquisitionAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zqyYECHl1nZk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_z3ZjJAzm3Qe5">Acquisitions</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Integra
CCS</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the net2phone-UCaaS
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zMjyYCUxS3zg">15.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located
in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#8220;Integra&#8221;). Integra provides cloud-based contact-center-as-a-service
(&#8220;CCaaS&#8221;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations, chat-bot communications,
workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software integrations. </span>The net2phone-UCaaS segment&#8217;s and Integra&#8217;s CCaaS offerings are highly synergistic and CCaaS
is expected to be a source of growth and expansion when combined with net2phone-UCaaS&#8217; global sales and channel partner network.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included
in the Company&#8217;s consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zNn677skt8L3">3.5</span> million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue of the net2phone-UCaaS segment over a four-year period, payable
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zB3CLyPBVENh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares of the Company&#8217;s
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,158</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z4sBdXXHhiR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,361</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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<p id="xdx_8AA_zg6fdm3B6dDc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z5zcFkIl5xTl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands): </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_z8a8E4XUiV4a" style="display: none">Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_49B_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zZSFpJ2jdjq1" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3_zfBGnRwlipZ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(249</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liability current portion</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(176</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(556</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net assets excluding cash acquired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">12,632</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<p id="xdx_8AD_zw3MioFhbs6a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone-UCaaS segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc., purchased all of the outstanding shares of Leaf Global
Fintech Corporation (&#8220;Leaf&#8221;) for up to $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn4n6_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zGT7PzjhEmeb">6.05
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet
services in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform
available on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf
digital wallet enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The
Leaf platform leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins.
Stellar is an open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and
specifically to support cross-border transactions. </span>The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#8217;s blockchain-based digital wallet
to, among other things, provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones,
as well as expand Leaf&#8217;s affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
Leaf&#8217;s operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
purchase price is comprised of (a) $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zBFTJrMfm7Ti">0.5
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million paid in cash at the closing, (b) a working
capital adjustment for a maximum of $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pp0p0_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zWnIYm1FvKll">50,000</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">,
and (c) <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description">contingent
consideration of up to $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High">5.5 </span>million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX1o0N3ct8sa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zq8UpGGxjOb5" style="display: none">Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_496_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4khnGPCyKi6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z5HEKamvaCjk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(167</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">333</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contingent
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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<p id="xdx_8A3_zOH1RXyI8dL9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPGcgetGiItg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands):</span></p>

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of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<p id="xdx_8AC_zesQpDpndNZf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Pro
Forma Disclosures</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

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Company&#8217;s pro forma results of operations as if the Integra and Leaf acquisitions occurred as of August 1,
2020 were not materially different from the actual results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053365368">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the variable interest entity,
or &#8220;VIE&#8221;) that operates money transfer businesses. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power
to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb
losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined
that it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own
any interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Aggregate
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1879">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zKNc0h5JulOk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zHfb77pcDu8j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zJ10Ljohv50e" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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                                            30,<br/> 2022</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zgnbK0jPclvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assets:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,570</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,364</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted cash</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,896</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,848</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trade accounts receivable,
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">91</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">91</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">344</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other current assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,160</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">858</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Due from the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1899">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property, plant, and equipment,
    net</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">520</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">637</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A2_zvJ9O9ik44F9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053194072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zskIv1L8DGB9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zUhc5bQHroj2">Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zXLW360lOXmh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zHiHvgJcrUIb" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_msOOIENzstP_zHIQR8Ci8Q49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate&#8212;Straight
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  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_maOOIENzstP_z9WE0apongtb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate&#8212;Straight
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  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zcF24X13JkEl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzstP_zdC3GXgr7Qf3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;write-off
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1950">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1951">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">303</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1953">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zoKCXK8x6ePc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;other</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1956">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(100</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zKRcTdqkEdjh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
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<p id="xdx_8A1_zfmElWwRxxmd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 17, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of
the stockholders of the Company&#8217;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;), and a derivative
complaint. The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three and
nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Write-off
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to
an acquisition consummated in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company
recognized a gain on the write-off of the contingent consideration payment obligation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Gain
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zTG4nYmOgna">2.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million from the sale to a third party of all
its rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation. The lawsuit is about claims that merchants
paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019 because Visa and Mastercard, individually,
and together with their respective member banks, violated the antitrust laws.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Indemnification
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053328856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Revolving Credit Facility</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zXmoIdlFIrug" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_82F_zhuUY0gQm0Tc">Revolving Credit Facility</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zMH0d4wJI6Yl">25.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to
finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, there were <span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKmESlUK2NIh" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zVhSRRrzQK92" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding">no</span>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">amounts outstanding under this facility. In the
nine months ended April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from lines of credit">2.6</span></span>
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million under the facility. <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_pn6n6" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity">25.0</span> million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</span>
IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial
ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2208564<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495323-112611<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495334-112611<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495371-112611<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495371-112611<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495323-112611<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495334-112611<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495334-112611<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1E<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495348-112611<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495323-112611<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495371-112611<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123466505&amp;loc=SL123495323-112611<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053317048">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zhPKAecU5vpf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zEaay8CMUAd5">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had an existing equity incentive program in the form of deferred stock units (&#8220;DSUs&#8221;) that, upon vesting, entitled
the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock. On January 5, 2022, the third and final vesting date under
the program, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGOdmNFMW2l6">301,296
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of DSUs that vested on that date. On January 5, 2021, the Company issued <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zt11MAa80xzl">283,838
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of vested DSUs under the program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Repurchases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zAOQTSA9BjYh">8.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million shares in the aggregate. There were <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_do_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zGasPio9Eol7">no
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">repurchases under the program in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022. In the nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_za3q7nejtRuf">463,792
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zJAIyHj6l9A4">2.8
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million. At April 30, 2022, <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zwseKvF95bAe">5.8
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million shares remained available for repurchase
under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zDaYwhJeN2pf">9.0
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zbEaEvw22Yi7">1.3
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million, respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmibdCSyGEPl">200,438
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zwMBcmDaQyuk">109,381
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection
with the vesting of DSUs and lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their
fair market value on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>2015
Stock Option and Incentive Plan</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zdU0NLbSKBpg" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options">1.3</span>
million and $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zrSyLczAo4T9" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options">0.7</span></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million,</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> respectively, for
which the Company issued <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20210801__20220430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise">1,010,000</span>
and</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20200801__20210430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise">81,041</span> shares,
respectively, of its Class B common stock. In April 2022, Howard S. Jonas exercised stock options for <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zFkNHwqmsLKc" title="Number of common stock options exercise">1.0</span>
million shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were granted on May 2, 2017. The exercise price of these
options was $<span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z8BZ7jxVulT8" title="Share-based compensation, exercise price">14.93</span>
per share and the expiration date was <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z7KWbdsUZbYk" title="Share-based compensation, expiration date">May
1, 2022</span>. Mr. Jonas used <span id="xdx_902_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zCKr1QreUmE3" title="Number of common stock options exercise">528,635</span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zaAlRJzRywI8" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value">14.9</span>
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered <span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znPsxHoginOe" title="Number of common stock options exercise">137,364</span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock with a value of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zD3CFURvcaz6" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value">3.9</span>
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">stock
option exercises.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 15, 2021, the Company&#8217;s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
to increase the number of shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional
<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pid_c20211210__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zfbiSF8Af1Wj">175,000
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">shares.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>NRS
Restricted Stock Grants</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_908_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zAn9xazohMM6" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage">0.5</span>%
of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and an increase in &#8220;Additional paid-in capital&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_pn5n6" title="Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation">1.2</span>
million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant date.</span></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053217128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zjjbbH4x5aR8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212;<span id="xdx_82B_zKUIeP52N8Y">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zop6w1pQntbj" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage">2.5</span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis, to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#8220;Alta Fox&#8221;) for cash of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z33cjbEFFxHg" title="Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction">10</span> million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries, which could include the name of the subsidiary, the ownership percentage held by the parent, the ownership percentage held by the noncontrolling owners, the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the location of this amount on the balance sheet (when not reported separately), an explanation of the increase or decrease in the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the noncontrolling interest share of the net Income or Loss of the subsidiary, the location of this amount on the income statement (when not reported separately), the nature of the noncontrolling interest such as background information and terms, the amount of the noncontrolling interest represented by preferred stock, a description of the preferred stock, and the dividend requirements of the preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053173304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings Per Share<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zHpQ4xaQSep1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_821_zbU0Ue4fCXl3">Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zUXeHL7rrZ95" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
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<p id="xdx_8AA_zFmLIWqT0Obg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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 April 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for earnings per share.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053232152">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
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16&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zbAJjtGo18Mh">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_z5JIR7Woftce" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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    <td style="width: 40%">Balance, July 31, 2021</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zZaH8SeKop49" style="width: 16%; text-align: right">(10,183</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zrUC1AldoEpa" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(547</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zgOpiIG558ei" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation">(611</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, April 30, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zXbXawL9O8E" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(556</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zBGxvyYEA1gh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(10,785</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zD4usHOtTaD5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance">(11,341</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for comprehensive income, which includes, but is not limited to, 1) the amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments, 2) the reclassification adjustments for each classification of other comprehensive income and 3) the ending accumulated balances for each component of comprehensive income.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053159608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zVRHXh7odzu8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
17&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_z61nozD4Hc1d">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operationally,
the Company&#8217;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#8217;s employees returned to work in the Company&#8217;s
offices on a part-time basis. The Company&#8217;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the third quarter of
fiscal 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Legal
Proceedings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and derivatively
on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the
State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership
of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#8217;s directors. The complaint alleges
that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas
in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with
the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s
obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale
of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated
with a similar action that was initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that
the action may be maintained as a class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the
term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon
Communications Inc. for their shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas,
and the Company to disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended
complaint. On September 24, 2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which
denial was affirmed by the Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#8217;s motion for summary judgment.
On March 10, 2022, JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court
denied The Arbitrage Fund&#8217;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#8217;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial is currently scheduled to begin on August 29, 2022. The Company intends
to vigorously defend this matter (see Note 11). At this stage, the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales
Tax Contingency</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating
results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Regulatory
Fees Audit</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
The Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_z2mL6ItMk3Rf" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss">2.9</span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_zmzaVVaFyxlg">1.8</span> million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At April 30, 2022 and
July 31, 2021, the Company&#8217;s accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zx7pxoAyUtEf" title="Accrued liabilities">38.1</span> million and $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z7VzDwsVW3H7">38.3</span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory
fees for the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purchase
Commitments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
April 30, 2022, the Company had purchase commitments of $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zypv48JpWVKa" title="Purchase obligation">5.0</span> million primarily for equipment and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Performance
Bonds</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At April 30, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
bonds of $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_z89MFs5qioTl" title="Performance bonds outstanding">22.0</span> million outstanding.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and
materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and
Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company has
cooperated with the FCC in this matter and has responded to the letter of inquiry. If the FCC were to pursue separate action against
the Company, the FCC could seek to fine or impose regulatory penalties or civil liability on the Company related to activities during
the period of ownership by the Company.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053269448">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other (Expense) Income, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Other (Expense) Income, Net</a></td>
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18&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_z8ozgTnEQCth">Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none"/></span></p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(30</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(82</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total other (expense) income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(5,068</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3,815</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A7_zAywCfS4OWc5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other income or other expense items (both operating and nonoperating). Sources of nonoperating income or nonoperating expense that may be disclosed, include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, profits (losses) on securities, net and miscellaneous other income or income deductions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 720<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122503<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 610<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=49130413<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053310760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
In the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company released $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zmMqro3yEckg" title="Change in valuation allowance">24.0</span> million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the
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the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses
included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in its assessment of the valuation
allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the three consecutive years of profitability in
the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United Kingdom that will utilize a significant
portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#8217;s tax planning strategies were not a significant factor in the analysis.</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053241720">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recently Issued Accounting Standard Not Yet Adopted<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock', window );">Recently Issued Accounting Standard Not Yet Adopted</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_z8vLjMEsgh" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
20&#8212;<span id="xdx_828_zQjNQdhMwT48">Recently Issued Accounting Standard Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, <i>Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit
Losses (Topic 326)</i>, <i>Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,</i> that changes the impairment model for most financial
assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking
current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale
debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses
will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose
significantly more information about allowances, credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied
as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating
the impact that the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for change in accounting principle. Includes, but is not limited to, nature, reason, and method of adopting amendment to accounting standards or other change in accounting principle.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053181080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBwB4EuJfWMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_zKNMQlrlaON6" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Fintech</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">net2phone-<br/>
UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Traditional Communications</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended April 30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%">Revenues</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues">26,923</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(2,257</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,960</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">13,328</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended April 30, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">16,644</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">11,445</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">345,742</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0933">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">373,831</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Loss) income from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,403</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(3,965</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">20,355</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(1,115</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">13,872</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">72,573</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">42,003</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">920,918</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0953">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,035,494</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">(Loss) income from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(63</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(9,315</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">57,372</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(7,073</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">40,921</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">55,229</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">32,012</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">969,781</td><td style="text-align: left"/><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues">1,057,022</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">1,487</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(11,503</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">55,334</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">(5,273</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)">40,045</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055696264">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z19gykcKqFqf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On February 1, 2021, the Company changed the geographic sourcing of certain revenues from the United States to the United Kingdom.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B5_zurfCuJk6Kt1" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_znlKAwAGt46j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1049">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zW0pezp9QxX6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zV9uxF1NkWXa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ziwTZc7feyFb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zAAnETbTAbpb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zzCGGS1bg5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zkLKxXTP9GHb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zC0XXPeuEpHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zab8nPZsxsvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left">United States</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z3Uxp1V4u9tf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1099">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">233,647</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVmFcDY4c97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1103">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">37,558</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zFJckHOFjusc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total outside the United States</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1108">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20,092</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">271,205</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">291,297</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zV50s9MeRrie" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">920,918</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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UCaaS</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z4oOUQD2my5d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left">United States</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Outside the United States:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zSnh9H0NQLMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">United Kingdom</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1123">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1124">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">152,188</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">152,188</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zdyL3TfljK5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Information About Contract Liability Balance</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zFCi64jnUC3h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zdUqcEcXhhvj" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Information About Contract Liability Balance</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right">18,751</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8pG2sZV79O6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zaiPqTYVdaI3" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zTt7Bk5eyH49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,978</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zrkYOUadgxzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
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of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortization Of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs [Table Text Block]</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of cost capitalized in obtaining or fulfilling contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of receivable, contract asset, and contract liability from contract with customer. Includes, but is not limited to, change in contract asset and contract liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130551-203045<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph a<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e9038-108599<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of entity-wide revenues from external customers for each product or service or each group of similar products or services if the information is not provided as part of the reportable operating segment information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e9031-108599<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055788072">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zxV1wRlOXqI9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_z50oCCPaiz03" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zqpkUbUhKgaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zbEkSkwAEhbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">217</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">412</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zwwzdrD3oLej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,020</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,537</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zUjOXeB5gs2a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">724</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">694</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,089</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,076</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zN2MHA64Ff8d" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,076</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zKtSEMligHij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zvI0sL5cxenf" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220430_zFUMb6LzJYS7" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.0
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zCuYOueKFGa2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4
                                            </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220430_zJFXOIZ8ax5b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.0</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zTZoqf770agi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.9</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zYD84FI09tij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zKsrpic9SHUa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zIKsXFeyGKc7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
    30,<br/> 2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210731_zrXmX0fT99M3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_z6tZhpMaFBg3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,892</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,456</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_zZHmLpkYhT3e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,473</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzhJD_zLHPIZBwOVBg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,214</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,929</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zYeSYFIn16e7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zuBy0dT8JNP9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_49C_20220430_zHHtbpgtuMh4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Twelve-month period ending
    April 30:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z4jllPobrnQ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,101</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zFnCvZSk8xHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,643</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zL64WUeOyWh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,362</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z2mByCG8Pxya" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">283</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zloFMIKDrMgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zs57cAtb0HW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053226280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zSwGGKtbkVvk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zqv1fIa813f5" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220430_zensQCu0G4dk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>April
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210731_zTeCyiqlIFKk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zp65x6tnF5L5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">97,139</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zVeGUhLwyWH1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100,957</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">198,096</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">226,916</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214049906056">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zXUuVUaw6zF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zpNAfpvzt7M8" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
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                                            Unrealized Losses</b>&#160;</span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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                                            Value&#160;</b>&#160;</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<b>(in
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    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April 30, 2022:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td id="xdx_F46_z5U4ZTw1dwul" style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zKuGGvb8zMT" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,000</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z4Wc28TaArud" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUe1lAm8Hqg5" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zOjODhvg8SHk" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,991</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z4LU2hp7HDE" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,964</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuaiuRzeBs52" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zWsRTqli2MV8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(80</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zV0HCYfTbm74" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,885</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zzn6JxrVSyf1" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zXWQ1f064S32" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4yHgmfWI7vl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(452</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zU5un8LkTdx5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_ztYrX0nzC9X7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(16</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zyQUTu8Zio37" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,325</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td id="xdx_F40_zoL6bgWBZXw4" style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z3NNeJYZHd4d" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z9qt2cxUm9o8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1307">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zcl0fYRdGl86" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,203</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,669</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1313">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zotveLus89Lk" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(17</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,652</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,327</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">38</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL9CJ1EWb633" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(33</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,332</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Municipal
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,825</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1329">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z4cz9VZDz2og" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,825</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,021</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zGIFLV8onQzc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(50</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,012</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0F_zTTSgyTrdlk5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F10_zwkGNFr6vzzl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.</span></td>
</tr></table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zZ1zHTNHW9p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2022 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z68fp3fFa0D4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20220430_zLqmW9JqOF76" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_z05BlBc1SNcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 26%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,868</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zxK0Tdue5Y6l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,544</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zSuW4yOTLza6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,723</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zVX921PSjOSg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">571</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDzELz_zZMv9NsmG6e1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,706</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zJZZGjQke6E2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zIPMBAJpxMCh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
    30, 2022:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"/></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificates
    of deposit</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zp5CTJRdH3ia" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zjaAR4VsxOS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,991</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zxIA359xMWok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">80</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zZN8zzn8hH0j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">887</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zWRBZFC0RLk3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">452</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zcW0Mv8JJurc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,495</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Municipal
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z2rYJhWzd8D7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z7bCNkabv8xl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,907</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zL79kPtCqwjf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">557</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zIzznT0HTIS2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,280</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    31, 2021:</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zLy1iZjOVKPc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,652</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zLu57Z0GwEOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,293</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zZ1njMoLBVQ3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">50</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,945</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zGvEoBcPrzVl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At April 30, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_zbFbbTc96Mn7" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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                                            Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
                                            Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL6EVYpw3v1k" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,713</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zOQyu2XkcFnk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">337</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zKyDgD7iezL4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,600</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2196928<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590138&amp;loc=SL82922954-210456<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922888-210455<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of marketable securities. This may consist of investments in certain debt and equity securities, short-term investments and other assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For all investments in an unrealized loss position, including those for which other-than-temporary impairments have not been recognized in earnings (including investments for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment has been recognized in other comprehensive income), a tabular disclosure of the aggregate related fair value of investments with unrealized losses and the aggregate amount of unrealized losses (that is, the amount by which amortized cost basis exceeds fair value).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055773240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zzjY0J4I20A5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
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of Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z8LacpLWHNqk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge, Inc. Class
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrmgGxF0BU7l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zkg1tXqM9uS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zkxIVYKlOM98" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other marketable equity securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zJAmzGW9aDu3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fixed
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23,467</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zcUIPC1B1Q83" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,179</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zJ3yECThetGi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zYX1FevsHnc9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Series B and Series C convertible
    preferred stock&#8212;equity method investment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,901</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zc5xKAdXq9J1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hedge funds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,619</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,563</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zKGYkrdngXP5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,725</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zgPfpnwIQ2db" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncurrent
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_zywlMfZb2VQ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_z6yuIPfetSLh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zuqmPN0ASq0k" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_z4TZwHfR6hW4" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zjLGFhEp7Qsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zVMMJkjtvf69" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1462">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1463">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zfnxIURDe697" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adjustment for observable
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">404</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(334</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">388</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zTdiIHuesl48" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Redemptions</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1471">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1473">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z2IB7Ciwqbod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Impairments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1476">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1477">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1478">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1479">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zWt1BzG8Peq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, end of the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,409</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,621</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,409</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,621</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zIj4xNcfLEr9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zHdYeN39icC4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210801__20220430_zSCa2DcJ1Zbh" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_z3rSw5GT8S69" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zAWPjccL8Eyf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net (losses) gains
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3,416</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(20,862</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,822</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zy0cUB3e8jHd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less:
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1497">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1498">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1500">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z4FBuY0nPBj3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3,416</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,822</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock', window );">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zpM3G1J63Om9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zlaO0VZiYRza" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zF1XHebBk8t9" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zm4mdTXXyina" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztzxUfAHIbZ4" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zV8xS0ypfHkb" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nine
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_ztcnKBhDBKcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zqD6JVwleCqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_zoygYCNFJb67" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_zhdcQLhQUEAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock', window );">Summary of Statements of Operations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_z181s8g52p71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows (fiscal 2021 financial information is for the period from February 2, 2021 to April 30,
2021):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zfKL1Q6nsZNc" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summary
of Statements of Operations</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430_zI0ddOCMmadb" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_zTQfCNGPKhi3" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430_zfX7rBrB2aWf" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zXoBrfc31SB6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingCostsAndExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkfoST17NED" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHflky7AMZm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,329</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqb5bwTPfBch" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5,475</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztlaVx65M1Pc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1576">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(83</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1578">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214054379928">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoCZBHBgFxT4" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,179</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znUovlo3iRl1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1599">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zPMaTOZXBWGk" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zu8eW7DGnwga" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,179</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zqjuQQSehPH6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1605">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zm0bKV4Sfc42" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1607">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zNEs0lEGuSya" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBVQW6SYEUvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqGmOxyEhTOk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,131</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQad4TLC4Rm9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41,016</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    consideration included in:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zw88nnY5lGBh" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zikYnvnrZaRe" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zP2Vw6djpvh7" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2,578</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zzoyyaMyQ1P8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2,578</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July 31, 2021</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Debt securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zEZxwq5upjzf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity investments included
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42,434</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zdr9yEoHBB43" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,465</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,465</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    consideration included in:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z1ULdPz2hLu" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1677">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zIqo9d2AZpK" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1679">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zolBX7QeV0S9" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(628</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z7YFyxiegf95" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(628</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z5C71osuDwnk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1685">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zZthBlWDOl74" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1687">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zszph7svvMKf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(397</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zCtrerbqyUsg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(397</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zlpYC2OIvwc2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1693">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z1IpDsdrlMKd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1695">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z5IbGdQLnf7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zz2eHSYYM7Yk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,025</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F07_z7GGx7Q6j7Gj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F16_zbga8ug68JU3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0D_zd30D4OCgAO4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F18_zpnUE9TmNdLi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F00_zn1HWVLfzNXl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F11_zFhF1mUecdka" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market</span></td>
</tr></table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_z1PCN2Aecaa1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8B9_zbxivLCiTrc9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210201__20210430_zpc1GQxjlza2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_zPEuIDnvSfJf" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210430_zvbFnnr1JUb7" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2021</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Three
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nine
    Months Ended<br/> April 30,</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2021</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2021</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3_zSF6jpesBYGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,261</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,319</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,465</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,825</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zPulXCZwqk57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1713">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1714">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1715">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">354</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zuz265WYAbyk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1718">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(380</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1720">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(380</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zReE8uFA2P2j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Redemption for Visa mandatory
    release assessment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1724">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1725">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,870</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zvugbi73dnac" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zQE7tKa04kri" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Change
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1739">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zL4bIJwFwWbi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span id="xdx_8BF_z1wSA1e21cHa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
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    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Nine
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_z7NX5bHg5tHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050134632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zB3CLyPBVENh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zTyhmzM9ncVk" style="display: none">Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(87</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares of the Company&#8217;s
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future payments subject to
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,158</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contingent
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z4sBdXXHhiR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,361</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,632</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z5zcFkIl5xTl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands): </span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_z8a8E4XUiV4a" style="display: none">Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX1o0N3ct8sa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BB_zq8UpGGxjOb5" style="display: none">Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z5HEKamvaCjk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zY13HhZhbnZa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zBzTErUuTf44" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contingent
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_ziezzN1HUEwl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPGcgetGiItg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
impact of the acquisition&#8217;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B4_zYjGFn1H6fXc" style="display: none">Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_49E_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zAYC0uOolVp4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zcsTAjBa0yW3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zCSZQR9jHPsi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_zOBpJ9IT2cJb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of a material business combination completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. This table does not include leveraged buyouts.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053177848">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zhPjw3sajCel" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company were as follows:</span></p>

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of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1879">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock', window );">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zHfb77pcDu8j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B5_zJ10Ljohv50e" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span></span></p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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                                            31,<br/> 2021</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,848</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">91</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">344</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other current assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Due from the Company</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1899">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,042</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Liabilities
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trade accounts payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">312</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">46</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">26</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other current liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,792</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,491</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1919">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accumulated other comprehensive
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    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncontrolling
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053662392">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zcF24X13JkEl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzstP_zdC3GXgr7Qf3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;write-off
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1951">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1953">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zoKCXK8x6ePc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;other</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zKRcTdqkEdjh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1961">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,000</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zUFBNeII0ps3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(33</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(55</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(68</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(442</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zV2cd2eVNVjg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
    Communications&#8212;IDT Global settlement</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1970">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1971">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1972">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(554</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zu4TT7k8zew9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
    Communications&#8212;other</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1976">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1978">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055530200">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings Per Share (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none">&#160;</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none"/></span></p>

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    <td style="width: 40%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 3%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share</a></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053159608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053322696">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other (Expense) Income, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BD_zCIUugIuzPXa" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zdkBTFAuhGib" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zDvpCSKDnSg3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2021</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220430_ztFnViLAzlTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Three Months Ended<br/> April 30,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right">(857</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right">(1,069</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right">(259</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 11%; text-align: right">396</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(765</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(528</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,208</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(528</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">(Losses) gains on investments (see Note 7)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5,435</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(20,862</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(30</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(905</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total other (expense) income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(5,068</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3,815</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(24,234</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of non-operating income or non-operating expense that may include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, gains (losses) on securities sold, equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net gain (loss) on sales of business, interest expense and other miscellaneous income or expense items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214045371320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 328,353<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 373,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,035,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,057,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,045<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,573<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">157<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,403)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(63)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,487<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,003<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,257)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,965)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,315)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,503)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">285,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">345,742<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">920,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">969,781<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,355<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,372<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,334<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember', window );">Corporate Segment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,960)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,115)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,073)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,273)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>53
<FILENAME>R43.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053669096">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2022 </div>
<div>Integer</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments', window );">Number of Reportable Segments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8672-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>54
<FILENAME>R44.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050590728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 328,353<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 373,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,035,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,057,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,573<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,003<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">285,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">345,742<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">920,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">969,781<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember', window );">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,540<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,259<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,498<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,697<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,383<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,385<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,075<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,532<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_MobileTopUpMember', window );">Mobile Top-Up [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">115,862<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">132,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,593<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">325,001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember', window );">BOSS Revolution Calling [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">91,768<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">111,412<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">297,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">342,665<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTGlobalMember', window );">IDT Global [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">67,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">88,643<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">229,407<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263,571<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_OtherMember', window );">Other [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,151<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,084<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38,544<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
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<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_OtherMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>55
<FILENAME>R45.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214046898552">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 328,353<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 373,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,035,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,057,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">234,703<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">744,197<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">850,072<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">74,567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,052<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">233,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">152,188<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">19,083<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,650<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,762<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">93,650<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">110,197<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">291,297<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">206,950<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,573<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,573<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,003<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,844<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,613<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,601<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,092<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember', window );">Net2phone-UCaaS [Member] | Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,601<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,092<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">285,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">345,742<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">920,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">969,781<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">199,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">241,146<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">649,713<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">778,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">74,567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,052<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">233,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">152,188<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,458<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,544<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,558<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,363<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 86,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 104,596<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 271,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 191,551<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneUCaaSMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R46.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055288264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Information About Contract Liability Balance (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,751<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,926<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,437<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,690<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126920106&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>57
<FILENAME>R47.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051178808">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent', window );">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,978<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,460<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent', window );">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,435<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,151<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,413<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,611<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>58
<FILENAME>R48.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055702840">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization', window );">Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,121<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 950<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,581<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905575&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214054644744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,125<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost', window );">Short-term lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">277<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">217<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">412<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost', window );">Total lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">917<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,007<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,537<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 724<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,076<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918643-209977<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of short-term lease cost, excluding expense for lease with term of one month or less.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053172984">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">3 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.90%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<TYPE>XML
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<html>
<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055698840">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,892<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,456<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,322<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,473<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,929<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214046834392">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,101<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,643<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour', window );">2026</a></td>
<td class="nump">283<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive', window );">2027</a></td>
<td class="nump">141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="nump">83<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(399)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,929<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due after fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fourth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in third rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in second rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in next rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123391704&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214045345592">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating Lease, Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,125<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember', window );">Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating Lease, Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember', window );">Newark [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription', window );">Lessee, Operating Lease, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract</a></td>
<td class="text">6 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">6 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of lessee's operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918673-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of lessee's operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918673-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123414884&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128292326&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeographicDistributionAxis=IDT_NewarkMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051173704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 97,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">100,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,769<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 198,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 226,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 195,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 201,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051929224">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 119,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">97,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">107,147<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember', window );">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</a></td>
<td class="nump">96,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">115,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember', window );">IDT Payment Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051882424">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,262<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(557)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">22,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember', window );">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,991<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,203<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">10,964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,669<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(80)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(17)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">10,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(452)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(33)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,505<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember', window );">Municipal Bonds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">6,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(16)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,325<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized gain in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortized cost of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050031864">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue', window );">Within one year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,868<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue', window );">After one year through five years</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,544<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue', window );">After five years through ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue', window );">After ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">571<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in sixth through tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in second through fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing after tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980459&amp;loc=SL120269850-112803<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27198-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214152565512">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,945<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember', window );">Certificates of Deposit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,991<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">80<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">887<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">452<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,495<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,293<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember', window );">Municipal Bonds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">16<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,907<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position without allowance for credit loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922888-210455<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590138&amp;loc=SL82922954-210456<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27290-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922888-210455<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>69
<FILENAME>R59.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050574104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2022 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 337<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">80<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">887<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">257<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,713<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922890-210455<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590138&amp;loc=SL82922954-210456<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27337-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124269663&amp;loc=SL82922890-210455<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
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<td></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053175816">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities', window );">Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18.7<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from sale, maturity, prepayment and call of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3151-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26853-111562<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050420056">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,654<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember', window );">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,048<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,630<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember', window );">Mutual Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,290<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,467<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember', window );">Hedge Funds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,619<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember', window );">Other Investments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,725<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Zedge Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">217<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">649<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,479<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember', window );">Restricted Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series B And Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123594786&amp;loc=SL75136599-209740<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>73
<FILENAME>R63.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214152564632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,539<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,223<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment', window );">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,870)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer', window );">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</a></td>
<td class="num">(130)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(334)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">388<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount', window );">Redemptions</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount', window );">Impairments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">Balance, end of the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,409<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,621<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,409<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,621<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Redemptions Amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>74
<FILENAME>R64.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051930952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss', window );">Net (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3,416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,435<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (20,862)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,822<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed', window );">Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3,416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,435<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (20,872)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,822<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of recognized unrealized gain (loss) net on equity securities redeemed (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(d))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050346600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (765)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (528)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,208)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(528)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(583)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(386)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,662)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(386)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference', window );">Amortization of equity method basis difference</a></td>
<td class="num">(182)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(142)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(142)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Balance, end of the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,472<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,472<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortization of equity method basis difference.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This item represents the carrying amount on the entity's balance sheet of its investment in common stock of an equity method investee. This is not an indicator of the fair value of the investment, rather it is the initial cost adjusted for the entity's share of earnings and losses of the investee, adjusted for any distributions (dividends) and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8813-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214045377576">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 328,353<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 373,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,035,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,057,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses', window );">Direct cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">247,565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,797<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">796,516<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">843,116<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,772<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">183,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,591<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total costs and expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">314,846<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,554<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">993,864<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,018,527<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,045<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,068)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,815<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(24,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,608<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,018<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,689<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,760<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">718<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses', window );">Direct cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,307<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">804<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,525<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,928<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,525<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total costs and expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,329<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,235<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,329<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,978)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,611)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,475)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,611)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(82)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(83)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3,060)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,611)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,558)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,611)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Excludes Selling, General and Administrative Expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpenses</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI 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-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI 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-SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e9038-108599<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e9054-108599<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI 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https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>77
<FILENAME>R67.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051386120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 10, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 10, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 02, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity', window );">Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount', window );">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Face Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate', window );">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Effective Yield (Interest Rate)</a></td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates', window );">Receivable with Imputed Interest, Due Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug.  03,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember', window );">Unrestricted Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,320<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_CommonStockClassBMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Investment Owned, Balance, Shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">261,894<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss', window );">Unrealized losses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain', window );">Equity Securities, FV-NI, Unrealized Gain</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember', window );">Restricted Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,649<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Downward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series B Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23.95%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26.57%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of related party shares received.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Difference between amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is carried (reported) on the balance sheet and amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting Entity has in the investee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized loss on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from downward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain from upward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126980263&amp;loc=SL75117539-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Balance held at close of period in number of shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99383244&amp;loc=d3e12121-115841<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-12B(Column B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122147990&amp;loc=d3e611197-123010<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the receivable or note with imputed interest is due, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Yield on the receivable, on which interest has been imputed, as calculated from its issuance value or purchase price. The calculated effective interest rate considers factors such as the issued face value or price paid for the receivable, the time period between payments, and the time until maturity [full receipt] of the receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429444&amp;loc=SL124452920-239629<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The principal amount of the receivable or note before consideration of the discount or premium.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124435984&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429444&amp;loc=SL124452920-239629<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_CommonStockClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_RestrictedCommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>78
<FILENAME>R68.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050530744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">22,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">16,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">41,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,911<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(2,578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(628)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(5,970)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(397)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(8,548)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,025)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">10,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">16,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,225<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">27,064<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,877<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">11,821<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,360<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">11,821<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,569<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,465<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(2,578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(628)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(5,970)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(397)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (8,548)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,025)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments included in current assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments included in noncurrent assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124258926&amp;loc=SL82898722-210454<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124260329&amp;loc=d3e26610-111562<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27161-111563<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of investment securities, including, but not limited to, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments, and investments accounted for under the equity method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050173624">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,261<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,465<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,825<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant', window );">Purchase of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">354<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant', window );">Exercise of Rafael Holdings, Inc. warrant</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(380)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(380)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment', window );">Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,870)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1', window );">Total (losses) gains recognized in &#8220;Other (expense) income, net&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="num">(130)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(334)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">414<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,343<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,343<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for assets held at end of period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise of rafael holdings inc warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Purchase of Rafael Holdings Inc warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Redemption for Visa mandatory release assessment</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as an asset measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050122424">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 703<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 799<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 396<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition', window );">Transfer into Level 3 from acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,849<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">393<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings', window );">&#8220;Other operating (expense) gain, net&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome', window );">&#8220;Foreign currency translation adjustment&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="num">(4)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">795<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">795<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for liabilities held at end of period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value measurement with unobservable inputs reconciliation recurring basis liabilities transfers into Level three from acquisition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126976982&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053149448">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds', window );">Investment in hedge funds</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.6<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.6<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Investment in hedge funds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>82
<FILENAME>R72.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050397944">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,656<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Cash paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(87)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,113<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Future payments subject to holdback</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,158<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,361<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,632<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Cash paid</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(167)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Cash paid, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contingent consideration</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,330<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Total fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred by the acquirer as part of consideration transferred in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6405-128476<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6408-128476<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph b<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966325&amp;loc=d3e6819-128478<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period (for example, cash that was held by the acquired business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214045472232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 14,897<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">21<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">777<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,433<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships', window );">Customer relationships (7-year useful lives)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles', window );">Tradename (5-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="nump">400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements', window );">Non-compete agreements (6-year useful lives)</a></td>
<td class="nump">660<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use asset</a></td>
<td class="nump">732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">24<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="num">(249)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liability current portion</a></td>
<td class="num">(176)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liability noncurrent portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">556<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Net assets excluding cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,632<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">324<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles', window );">Tradename (5-year useful life)</a></td>
<td class="nump">131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Net assets excluding cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,663<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets', window );">Current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed current liabilities, accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed Customer relationships.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed non-complete agreements</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease liability noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Business combination recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed operating lease right of use asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed before one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients for goods or services, including trade receivables, that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, and amounts due from others, including related parties expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of identifiable intangible assets recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123455525&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of property, plant, and equipment recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123455525&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount recognized for assets, including goodwill, in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128092470&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=122137925&amp;loc=d3e14258-109268<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051377112">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) (Parenthetical)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Useful lives, years</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Trade Names [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Noncompete Agreements [Member]</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TradeNamesMember</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<TYPE>XML
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050955576">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 03, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 01, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,632,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,158,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription', window );">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">contingent
consideration of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue of the net2phone-UCaaS segment over a four-year period, payable
in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#8217;s discretion.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh', window );">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember', window );">Integra CCS [Member] | Net2phone 2.0, Inc [Member] | Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,765<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,663,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember', window );">Leaf Global Fintech Corporation [Member] | IDT International Telecom, Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,050,000.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred', window );">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription', window );">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">contingent
consideration of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh', window );">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred by the acquirer as part of consideration transferred in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6911189&amp;loc=d3e6405-128476<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126966197&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For contingent consideration arrangements recognized in connection with a business combination, this element represents a description of such arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For contingent consideration arrangements recognized in connection with a business combination, this element represents an estimate of the high-end of the potential range (undiscounted) of the consideration which may be paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued during the period pursuant to acquisitions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued pursuant to acquisitions during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_IntegraCCSMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=IDT_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055246808">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount', window );">Net income of the VIE</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 72<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 72<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount', window );">Aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (95)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity net income losst amount</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of financial or other support the reporting entity has provided (explicitly or implicitly) to the Variable Interest Entity (VIE) that it was not previously contractually required to provide or that the reporting entity intends to provide, including, for example, situations in which the reporting entity assisted the VIE in obtaining another type of support.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=SL6759159-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>87
<FILENAME>R77.htm
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050480696">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 97,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107,147<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,881<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,644<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,676<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,694<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,442<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,779<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,578<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">503,270<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,817<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,502<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">118,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,103<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,930<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,183)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">503,270<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">512,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember', window );">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,570<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,364<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent', window );">Restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,896<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,848<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">29<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">344<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">858<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">87<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">520<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">637<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,042<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,184<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">312<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">46<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,792<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,491<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Due to the Company</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,426<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,354<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,184<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124501264&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126968391&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -URI 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-SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123419778&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Portion of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties that is payable after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.23)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(C))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=123596393&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442526-122756<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975872&amp;loc=SL124442552-122756<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124098289&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6387103&amp;loc=d3e6435-108320<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126905020&amp;loc=d3e5879-108316<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124429447&amp;loc=SL124453093-239630<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-06(3))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120401414&amp;loc=d3e604059-122996<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84165509&amp;loc=d3e56426-112766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126999549&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214046837304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems', window );"><strong>Component of Operating Other Cost and Expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement', window );">Fintech&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 45<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 45<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1', window );">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;write-off of contingent consideration liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet', window );">net2phone-UCaaS&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;net2phone indemnification claim</a></td>
<td class="num">(33)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(55)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(68)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(442)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;IDT Global settlement</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(554)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther', window );">Traditional Communications&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="num">(1)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Total other operating (expense) gain, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(179)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">595<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,550<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_StraightPathMember', window );">Straight Path [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems', window );"><strong>Component of Operating Other Cost and Expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LegalFees', window );">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,410)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(299)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,081)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,017)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds', window );">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,252<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 904<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,618<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fintech money transfer settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_FintechMoneyTransferSettlement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net 2 Phone U Caas other net.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional Communications-Carrier Services settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional communications gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional Communications-net2phone indemnification claim.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Traditional communications other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the value of a contingent consideration liability, including, but not limited to, differences arising upon settlement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126975305&amp;loc=d3e7008-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComponentOfOperatingOtherCostAndExpenseLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LegalFees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense provided in the period for legal costs incurred on or before the balance sheet date pertaining to resolved, pending or threatened litigation, including arbitration and mediation proceedings.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.3)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LegalFees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of insurance proceeds for an event or transaction that is unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence, or both.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114868883&amp;loc=SL114871943-224233<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_StraightPathMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_StraightPathMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214053195512">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details Narrative)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 21, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember', window );">Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems', window );"><strong>Loss Contingencies [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties', window );">[custom:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties]</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Proceed from sale to third parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis=IDT_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<TYPE>XML
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050145080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 17, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember', window );">IDT Telecom [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | TD Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Revolving credit amount outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription', window );">Line of Credit Facility, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity', window );">Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(16))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the terms of a credit facility arrangement. Terms typically include interest rate, collateral required, guarantees required, repayment requirements, and restrictions on use of assets and activities of the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowing capacity currently available under the credit facility (current borrowing capacity less the amount of borrowings outstanding).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>91
<FILENAME>R81.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214046126088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 05, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 15, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 29, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 05, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 28, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 686<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of common stock options exercise</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,010,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of common stock options exercise, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 686<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 275<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,840<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,215<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember', window );">2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Additional Shares Authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">175,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction', window );">Capital stock outstanding percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Howard S. Jonas [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Number of common stock options exercise, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of common stock options exercise</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice', window );">Share-based compensation, exercise price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.93<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Share-based compensation, expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">May  01,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of common stock options exercise</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">528,635<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Number of common stock options exercise, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding', window );">Number of common stock options exercise</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137,364<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Deferred Stock Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</a></td>
<td class="nump">301,296<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">283,838<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Stock Repurchase Program, Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">463,792<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Number of common stock options exercise, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member] | Employees [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">109,381<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Number of common stock options exercise, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Share-based compensation, exercise price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued during period shares used for stock options exercised.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock issued during period shares used for tax withholding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11149-113907<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126964447&amp;loc=d3e11178-113907<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126961718&amp;loc=d3e4534-113899<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that vested during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the equity-based award expires, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of additional shares authorized for issuance under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=128089324&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The remaining number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126973232&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=IDT_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_HowardSJonasMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_HowardSJonasMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_EmployeesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_EmployeesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055669256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative) - Common Class B [Member] - National Retail Solutions [Member] - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 29, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 28, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction', window );">Capital stock outstanding percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>93
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050519112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic weighted-average number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,706<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,475<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements', window );">Stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">295<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">575<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">101<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends', window );">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">311<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">174<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,136<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,903<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of additional shares included in diluted EPS for potentially dilutive effect of nonvested equity-based payment award containing forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 68B<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=SL5498026-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1707-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1757-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of share based payment arrangements using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126962052&amp;loc=d3e4991-113900<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1707-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1757-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126958026&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050533128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">713<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">713<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=IDT_NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Non-vested Restricted Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124432515&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=IDT_NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember</td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214051038280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (10,183)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (253)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (980)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,341)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember', window );">AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(547)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(556)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(556)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,174)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(611)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (10,785)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (10,785)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214050533000">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 38.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38.3<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">5.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding', window );">Performance bonds outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">22.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember', window );">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss', window );">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember', window );">Universal Service Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss', window );">Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126897435&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126734703&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the estimated amount of loss from the specified contingency as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121557415&amp;loc=d3e14435-108349<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121557415&amp;loc=d3e14557-108349<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124440162&amp;loc=d3e12021-110248<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PurchaseObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Minimum amount of purchase arrangement in which the entity has agreed to expend funds to procure goods or services from a supplier.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PurchaseObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_UniversalServiceFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140214055796232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">9 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized', window );">Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (857)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,069)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (259)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 396<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(765)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(528)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,208)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(528)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">(Losses) gains on investments (see Note 7)</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,435<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(20,862)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,822<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="num">(30)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(905)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(82)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other (expense) income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (5,068)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,815<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (24,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,608<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=124440516&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=125521441&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126970911&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126954810&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126901519&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=126953954&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue and income classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.4)<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncome</td>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details Narrative)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
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    <us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock_zI23HyCslxga" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
1&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82D_z0sc6jbTh1Uj"&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#x201c;Company&#x201d; or &#x201c;IDT&#x201d;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#x201c;U.S. GAAP&#x201d;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending
July 31, 2022. The balance sheet at July 31, 2021 has been derived from the Company&#x2019;s audited financial statements at that date
but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information,
please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#x2019;s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#x201c;SEC&#x201d;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2022 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2022).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndBasisOfPresentationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_802_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zpMNbPsn3Cf7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
2&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zyr1a0HIknwh"&gt;Business Segment Information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has &lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uInteger_c20210801__20220430_z7bI0as1HsQ8"&gt;three&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;reportable business segments, Fintech, net2phone-Unified Communications
as a Service (&#x201c;UCaaS&#x201d;), or net2phone-UCaaS, and Traditional Communications. The Company&#x2019;s reportable segments
are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these business
segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#x2019;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments are the
same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The Company
evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Fintech segment is comprised of National Retail Solutions (&#x201c;NRS&#x201d;), an operator of a nationwide point of sale (&#x201c;POS&#x201d;)
network providing payment processing, digital advertising, transaction data, and ancillary services, and BOSS Money, a provider
of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
net2phone-UCaaS segment is comprised of net2phone&#x2019;s cloud communications offerings.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Traditional Communications segment includes Mobile Top-Up, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts, BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada, and IDT Global (formerly known as Carrier Services),
a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional
Communications also includes other smaller businesses, some of which are in harvest mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
costs include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#x2019; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, business development, charitable contributions, travel, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate
does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBwB4EuJfWMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zKNMQlrlaON6" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Corporate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0913"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;157&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(2,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;17,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;13,328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0933"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,403&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(3,965&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;20,355&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,115&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;13,872&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0953"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(9,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;57,372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(7,073&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;40,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0973"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;1,487&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(11,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;55,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(5,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;40,045&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A9_zXJ8D7XqMW3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Integer">3</us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBwB4EuJfWMb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zKNMQlrlaON6" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Corporate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0913"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="width: 9%; text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;157&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(2,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;17,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,960&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20220201__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;13,328&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0933"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,403&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(3,965&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;20,355&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(1,115&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210201__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;13,872&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0953"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Loss) income from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(9,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;57,372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(7,073&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20210801__20220430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;40,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"/&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0973"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--Revenues_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Revenues"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;1,487&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(11,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;55,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__us-gaap--CorporateMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;(5,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_c20200801__20210430_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Operating income (loss)"&gt;40,045&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">26923000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15555000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">285875000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">328353000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">157000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2257000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17388000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1960000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13328000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16644000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11445000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">345742000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">373831000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1403000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3965000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">20355000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1115000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13872000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">72573000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">42003000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">920918000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1035494000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-63000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-9315000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">57372000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-7073000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">40921000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">55229000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32012000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">969781000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1057022000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1487000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-11503000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">55334000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-5273000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">40045000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_zDUHrFRUuq4" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
3&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_821_zxBX0wtHa0f7"&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone-UCaaS are technology-driven, synergistic
businesses that leverage the Company&#x2019;s core assets, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time, and in some cases (mainly
with respect to net2phone-UCaaS) is recognized over time. Traditional Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications
services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#x2019;s most significant revenue streams are from Mobile
Top-Up, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. Mobile Top-Up and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumers and through
distributors and retailers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Disaggregated
Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zkq3bd66Zo5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_ziKdgSq5u9Ke" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220201__20220430_zNgYVcP9mk4d" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 3.15pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210201__20210430_zysIkaEyzEh9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220430_zIlBHCwuGhT5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430_z9OdEjB8JnWk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                                                                 Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
                                                                                 Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 3.15pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zyQ9nx8e0R8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Money&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;15,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;10,259&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;40,498&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;38,697&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zOOniy6HlbSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;National Retail Solutions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,383&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,385&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,075&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;16,532&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4CZPUx4GnTe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zpPTaJoYs7dh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--MobileTopUpMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zAD3pqw9f6z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Mobile Top-Up&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;115,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;132,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;360,593&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;325,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziLurDhuapy" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Revolution Calling&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91,768&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;111,412&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;297,688&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;342,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgzdGNuU6Swg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;67,094&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;88,643&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;229,407&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;263,571&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwKPbBxtiz7b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,084&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;33,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;38,544&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zYb2l9z1HP62" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zUZl9NfaxKJc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AD_zXjGLhGvKzvh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z19gykcKqFqf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On February 1, 2021, the Company changed the geographic sourcing of certain revenues from the United States to the United Kingdom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zurfCuJk6Kt1" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z53xDJzJ8OGd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zhg6YkNRljD8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zETsllWInjV1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220201__20220430_zfI1F26Pcq39" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z7qF1Pk4MQqh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;7,930&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;199,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;234,703&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_znlKAwAGt46j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1048"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1049"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zW0pezp9QxX6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1053"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,458&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;19,083&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zV9uxF1NkWXa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1058"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;93,650&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ziwTZc7feyFb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z2lAJicoMFm6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_z4lUDef5PFsf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSF3UHR0dMjh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210201__20210430_zFEu1GKILqFk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zGDuFqkqUiXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;5,844&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;241,146&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;263,634&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zAAnETbTAbpb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1073"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1074"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;92,052&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;92,052&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zzCGGS1bg5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1078"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12,544&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;18,145&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zkLKxXTP9GHb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1083"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;104,596&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;110,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zC0XXPeuEpHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zNekS2UUGXWc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zRgljGbxiPk9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zS7C85dT048b" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_znn3veLoQUcd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zab8nPZsxsvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;21,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;649,713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;744,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z3Uxp1V4u9tf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1099"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;233,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;233,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVmFcDY4c97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1103"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;20,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;37,558&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;57,650&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zFJckHOFjusc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1108"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;20,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;271,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;291,297&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zV50s9MeRrie" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zxBaW7JK6WR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zhbbnkDlXtw" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z7Z7LM4M2Y7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20200801__20210430_z5nhHlFXlRZk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z4oOUQD2my5d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;16,613&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;778,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;850,072&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zSnh9H0NQLMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1123"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1124"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;152,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;152,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD5u7SVY63t4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1128"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;15,399&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;39,363&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;54,762&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zVyvsgalA9cb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1133"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;15,399&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;191,551&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;206,950&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zdyL3TfljK5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zZL3GKUlC8Sf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Remaining
Performance Obligations &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company does not have any significant revenue from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous reporting periods.
The Company&#x2019;s remaining performance obligations as of April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021 had an original expected duration of one
year or less.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#x2019;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not identified any contract assets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract
liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the
Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets as &#x201c;Deferred revenue&#x201d;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zFCi64jnUC3h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents information about the Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zdUqcEcXhhvj" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Information About Contract Liability Balance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20220201_20220430" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210201_20210430" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801_20220430" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801_20210430" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;18,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;21,926&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;25,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;27,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_z0u7xnTM3g26" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover as an asset. The Company&#x2019;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period would be one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone-UCaaS sales, the Company defers
these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8pG2sZV79O6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zaiPqTYVdaI3" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220430" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
                                            30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210731" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zTt7Bk5eyH49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,978&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,460&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zSWrQLQKx2Le" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,151&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzJaP_zDOmgzHA6GW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,413&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zwmcW5uB3Lp5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zrkYOUadgxzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zy2Ax1oS0Wl" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20220201__20220430_z4cLtV1iGg7f" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210201__20210430_zKiniVA9JWP2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220430_ze7HE1Yr6ly2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_z7G8xtv8tWEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zSGESysSMD71" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,121&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;950&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,163&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,581&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_za7FOSwMt7J6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zkq3bd66Zo5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_ziKdgSq5u9Ke" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220201__20220430_zNgYVcP9mk4d" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 3.15pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210201__20210430_zysIkaEyzEh9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20210801__20220430_zIlBHCwuGhT5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430_z9OdEjB8JnWk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                                                                 Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
                                                                                 Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 3.15pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zyQ9nx8e0R8c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Money&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;15,540&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;10,259&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;40,498&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;38,697&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zOOniy6HlbSe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;National Retail Solutions&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,383&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;6,385&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,075&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;16,532&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z4CZPUx4GnTe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zpPTaJoYs7dh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--MobileTopUpMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zAD3pqw9f6z3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Mobile Top-Up&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;115,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;132,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;360,593&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;325,001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionCallingMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziLurDhuapy" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BOSS Revolution Calling&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91,768&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;111,412&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;297,688&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;342,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgzdGNuU6Swg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;67,094&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;88,643&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;229,407&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;263,571&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwKPbBxtiz7b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,084&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;33,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;38,544&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zYb2l9z1HP62" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zUZl9NfaxKJc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15540000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10259000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">40498000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">38697000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11383000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6385000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32075000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16532000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">26923000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16644000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">72573000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">55229000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15555000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11445000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">42003000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">32012000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">115862000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">132603000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">360593000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_MobileTopUpMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">325001000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">91768000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">111412000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">297688000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_BOSSRevolutionCallingMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">342665000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">67094000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">88643000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">229407000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">263571000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11151000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13084000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">33230000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">38544000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">285875000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">345742000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">920918000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">969781000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">328353000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">373831000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1035494000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1057022000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_z19gykcKqFqf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location.
On February 1, 2021, the Company changed the geographic sourcing of certain revenues from the United States to the United Kingdom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zurfCuJk6Kt1" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z53xDJzJ8OGd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zhg6YkNRljD8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zETsllWInjV1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20220201__20220430_zfI1F26Pcq39" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z7qF1Pk4MQqh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;7,930&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;199,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;234,703&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_znlKAwAGt46j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1048"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1049"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zW0pezp9QxX6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1053"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,458&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;19,083&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zV9uxF1NkWXa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1058"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;7,625&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;93,650&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ziwTZc7feyFb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,923&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;15,555&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;285,875&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;328,353&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_z2lAJicoMFm6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_z4lUDef5PFsf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSF3UHR0dMjh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210201__20210430_zFEu1GKILqFk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zGDuFqkqUiXk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;5,844&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;241,146&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;263,634&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zAAnETbTAbpb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1073"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1074"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;92,052&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;92,052&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zzCGGS1bg5c8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1078"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12,544&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;18,145&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zkLKxXTP9GHb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1083"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,601&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;104,596&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;110,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zC0XXPeuEpHl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;16,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;11,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;345,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;373,831&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zNekS2UUGXWc" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zRgljGbxiPk9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zS7C85dT048b" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_znn3veLoQUcd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_zab8nPZsxsvf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;21,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;649,713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;744,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_z3Uxp1V4u9tf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1099"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;233,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;233,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zVmFcDY4c97f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1103"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;20,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;37,558&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;57,650&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_zFJckHOFjusc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total outside the United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1108"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;20,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;271,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;291,297&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zV50s9MeRrie" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;72,573&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;42,003&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;920,918&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,035,494&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zxBaW7JK6WR4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Fintech&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneUCaaSMember_zhbbnkDlXtw" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;net2phone-&lt;br/&gt;
UCaaS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z7Z7LM4M2Y7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Traditional Communications&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20200801__20210430_z5nhHlFXlRZk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Nine Months Ended April 30, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_z4oOUQD2my5d" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;United States&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;55,229&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;16,613&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;778,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;850,072&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_zSnh9H0NQLMl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1123"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1124"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;152,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;152,188&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_zD5u7SVY63t4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1128"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;15,399&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;39,363&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;54,762&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;32,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;969,781&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,057,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">26923000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_country_US"
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US"
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      unitRef="USD">199850000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_country_US"
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      unitRef="USD">234703000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB"
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">74567000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7625000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">11458000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_OthersMember"
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7625000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">86025000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">93650000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">26923000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">15555000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">285875000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">328353000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16644000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5844000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">241146000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">263634000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">92052000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">92052000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5601000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12544000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5601000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
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      unitRef="USD">345742000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">373831000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_FintechMember_country_US"
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      unitRef="USD">72573000</us-gaap:Revenues>
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      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_Net2phoneUCaaSMember_country_US"
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      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_country_GB"
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&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_i_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;18,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;21,926&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;25,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;27,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">18751000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">21926000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">25437000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">27690000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8pG2sZV79O6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zaiPqTYVdaI3" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220430" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
                                            30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210731" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zTt7Bk5eyH49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,978&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,460&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzJaP_zSWrQLQKx2Le" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,151&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzJaP_zDOmgzHA6GW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,413&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3978000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3460000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3435000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3151000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7413000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">6611000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zrkYOUadgxzc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zy2Ax1oS0Wl" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20220201__20220430_z4cLtV1iGg7f" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210201__20210430_zKiniVA9JWP2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20210801__20220430_ze7HE1Yr6ly2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_z7G8xtv8tWEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zSGESysSMD71" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,121&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;950&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,163&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,581&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1121000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">950000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
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    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">2581000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zTKV6qh9Yf13" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
4&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_zx6Zsjx99PUi"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than &lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zSVj4mzAg1pi"&gt;one
year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;to &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20220430__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_z7KIkooTwy34"&gt;six
years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;. net2phone-UCaaS also has operating leases
for office equipment. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The
Company has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise the options to extend or terminate the leases.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS
is the lessee in equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are
not material to the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company leases office and parking space in a building and parking garage located at 520 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey that is owned
by the Company&#x2019;s former subsidiary, Rafael Holdings, Inc. (&#x201c;Rafael&#x201d;). The Company also leases office space in Israel
from Rafael. Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors, is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors
of Rafael. &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--GeographicDistributionAxis__custom--NewarkMember_zs9RM392XUJk"&gt;The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
each of the three months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zjV4miBUNLT9"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zxqBCcDuiBz3"&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, and in each of the nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred lease costs of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrLMaKwHnrmg"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zPQ9SM68fudh"&gt;1.4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million in connection with the Rafael leases,
which is included in operating lease cost in the table below.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zxV1wRlOXqI9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z50oCCPaiz03" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220201__20220430_zPDOiDVMuqM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zZdEeHxVqyoj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220430_zv2VrwWe3M5a" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210430_zTLK85AFOtAj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zqpkUbUhKgaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;700&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,125&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zbEkSkwAEhbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Short-term
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;277&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;412&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zwwzdrD3oLej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,020&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,537&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zUjOXeB5gs2a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;724&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;694&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,076&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zN2MHA64Ff8d" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;724&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;694&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,076&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zfjYYWOo9o16" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zKtSEMligHij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zvI0sL5cxenf" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220430_zFUMb6LzJYS7" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.0
                                            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zCuYOueKFGa2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.4
                                            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220430_zJFXOIZ8ax5b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zTZoqf770agi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zhkB8gpJ3ZC" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company entered into new office leases with an aggregate operating lease liability of $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430_zpwYovSRxgA3"&gt;2.2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. The Company&#x2019;s aggregate operating
lease liability was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zYD84FI09tij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zKsrpic9SHUa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zIKsXFeyGKc7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210731_zrXmX0fT99M3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_z6tZhpMaFBg3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#x201c;Other current liabilities&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,892&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_zZHmLpkYhT3e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,473&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzhJD_zLHPIZBwOVBg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,214&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,929&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zR6epFxRLI59" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zYeSYFIn16e7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zuBy0dT8JNP9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49C_20220430_zHHtbpgtuMh4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Twelve-month period ending
    April 30:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z4jllPobrnQ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zFnCvZSk8xHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,643&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zL64WUeOyWh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z2mByCG8Pxya" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;283&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zloFMIKDrMgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;141&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zs57cAtb0HW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;83&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzZon_zxBkFIqpoJv7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,613&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zG9GUiCncX16" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less
    imputed interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    operating lease liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,214&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zUk8jAQTbn9d" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_srt_MinimumMember">P1Y</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_srt_MaximumMember">P6Y</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_NewarkMember">The
Newark lease expires in April 2025 and the Israel lease expires in July 2025.</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseDescription>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1400000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1400000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zxV1wRlOXqI9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z50oCCPaiz03" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220201__20220430_zPDOiDVMuqM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zZdEeHxVqyoj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20210801__20220430_zv2VrwWe3M5a" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210430_zTLK85AFOtAj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_zqpkUbUhKgaf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;700&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,125&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zbEkSkwAEhbd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Short-term
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;277&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;412&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_zwwzdrD3oLej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,020&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,537&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zUjOXeB5gs2a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;724&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;694&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,076&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zN2MHA64Ff8d" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;724&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;694&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,076&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">743000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
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      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">700000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">2130000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
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      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">2125000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
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      unitRef="USD">277000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">217000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">877000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">412000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1020000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">917000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
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      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">3007000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
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      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">2537000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
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      unitRef="USD">724000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">694000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
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      unitRef="USD">2089000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
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      unitRef="USD">2076000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zKtSEMligHij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zvI0sL5cxenf" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20220430_zFUMb6LzJYS7" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.0
                                            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20210731_zCuYOueKFGa2" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.4
                                            &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20220430_zJFXOIZ8ax5b" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210731_zTZoqf770agi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30">P3Y</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31">P3Y4M24D</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.030</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.029</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2200000</us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_890_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zYD84FI09tij" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zKsrpic9SHUa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zIKsXFeyGKc7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210731_zrXmX0fT99M3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_z6tZhpMaFBg3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#x201c;Other current liabilities&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,892&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzhJD_zZHmLpkYhT3e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,473&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzhJD_zLHPIZBwOVBg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,214&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,929&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2892000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2456000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5322000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5473000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">8214000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7929000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zYeSYFIn16e7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zuBy0dT8JNP9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49C_20220430_zHHtbpgtuMh4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Twelve-month period ending
    April 30:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z4jllPobrnQ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zFnCvZSk8xHk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,643&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zL64WUeOyWh1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_z2mByCG8Pxya" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;283&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zloFMIKDrMgh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;141&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzZon_zs57cAtb0HW4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;83&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzZon_zxBkFIqpoJv7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,613&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zG9GUiCncX16" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less
    imputed interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    operating lease liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,214&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3101000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2643000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2362000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">283000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">141000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">83000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">8613000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">399000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">8214000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_zW6YFsNkDhbc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
5&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zkkdkWvnWFZ9"&gt;Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zSwGGKtbkVvk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zqv1fIa813f5" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220430_zensQCu0G4dk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210731_zTeCyiqlIFKk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zp65x6tnF5L5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and cash
    equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;97,139&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;107,147&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zVeGUhLwyWH1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;100,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;119,769&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzaal_zakV1pZ6COob" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;198,096&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;226,916&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zzdEQ6QWnVle" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zr5uGPU5Ail5"&gt;96.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_zgWpDkoy81ej"&gt;115.8
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, in restricted cash and
cash equivalents for customer deposits held by IDT Financial Services Limited (&#x201c;IDT Financial Services&#x201d;), the Company&#x2019;s
Gibraltar-based bank. Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard
cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and
utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Company
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which
provide the Company&#x2019;s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for
other purposes. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, &#x201c;Cash and cash equivalents&#x201d; in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance
sheets included an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zkwfKfz7IFF7"&gt;10.5
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn5n6_c20210731__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTPaymentServicesMember_zEhsV9UIy6Z8"&gt;15.3
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, held by IDT Payment Services,
Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, that was unavailable for other purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zSwGGKtbkVvk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zqv1fIa813f5" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20220430_zensQCu0G4dk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210731_zTeCyiqlIFKk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zp65x6tnF5L5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and cash
    equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;97,139&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;107,147&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzaal_zVeGUhLwyWH1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;100,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;119,769&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzaal_zakV1pZ6COob" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;198,096&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;226,916&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">97139000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">107147000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">100957000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">119769000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">198096000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">226916000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">96000000.0</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">115800000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">10500000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_IDTPaymentServicesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15300000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zs1n3onI6Gcl" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
6&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_zpaYCkt3h6yi"&gt;Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zXUuVUaw6zF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zpNAfpvzt7M8" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized
                                            Cost&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
                                            Unrealized Gains&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
                                            Unrealized Losses&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;b&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 30, 2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F46_z5U4ZTw1dwul" style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zKuGGvb8zMT" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z4Wc28TaArud" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUe1lAm8Hqg5" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zOjODhvg8SHk" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,991&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z4LU2hp7HDE" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,964&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuaiuRzeBs52" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zWsRTqli2MV8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zV0HCYfTbm74" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,885&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zzn6JxrVSyf1" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zXWQ1f064S32" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4yHgmfWI7vl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(452&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zximDU1qcNE3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,505&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zxIVAjZJya2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,341&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zU5un8LkTdx5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_ztYrX0nzC9X7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zyQUTu8Zio37" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,325&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zbM4lxogOXI" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,262&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_z04D4DYAupg6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430_zdisLX6Wwwil" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zCFuOJbfmLka" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2021:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F40_zoL6bgWBZXw4" style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zpBSRGM1xUWh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z3NNeJYZHd4d" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z9qt2cxUm9o8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1307"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zcl0fYRdGl86" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,203&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,669&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1313"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zotveLus89Lk" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL9CJ1EWb633" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,332&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1329"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z4cz9VZDz2og" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zGIFLV8onQzc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0F_zTTSgyTrdlk5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F10_zwkGNFr6vzzl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_zhMd4jdlWDK7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430_zVPxUW97u1lj"&gt;1.9
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430_zhs3qoew9eti"&gt;7.1
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million in the three months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively, and $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430_z5JxseGaRCej"&gt;7.8
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430_zvM2yowz9fY7"&gt;18.7
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million in the nine months ended April 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in the three and nine months ended
April 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains and realized losses on the
sales of debt securities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zZ1zHTNHW9p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2022 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_z68fp3fFa0D4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20220430_zLqmW9JqOF76" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_z05BlBc1SNcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Within one year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 26%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13,868&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zxK0Tdue5Y6l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After one year through five
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,544&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zSuW4yOTLza6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After five years through ten
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,723&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zVX921PSjOSg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After
    ten years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;571&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDzELz_zZMv9NsmG6e1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_znzS4R6MPLm6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zJZZGjQke6E2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zIPMBAJpxMCh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
                                            Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April
    30, 2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zp5CTJRdH3ia" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zjaAR4VsxOS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,991&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zxIA359xMWok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zZN8zzn8hH0j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;887&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zWRBZFC0RLk3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;452&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zcW0Mv8JJurc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,495&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z2rYJhWzd8D7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z7bCNkabv8xl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,907&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zL79kPtCqwjf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zIzznT0HTIS2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;July
    31, 2021:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zLy1iZjOVKPc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zLu57Z0GwEOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zZ1njMoLBVQ3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,945&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zFKdigLZUHoj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zGvEoBcPrzVl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At April 30, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zbFbbTc96Mn7" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
                                            Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7elu7225Fhk" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zc32EyUzUw6f" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;887&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zVns4sC3ScL7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;257&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL6EVYpw3v1k" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,713&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zOQyu2XkcFnk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;337&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zKyDgD7iezL4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zLtvJZUaZ7S9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
April 30, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of the debt securities included in the table above, and it is not more likely
than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at
maturity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_zXUuVUaw6zF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zpNAfpvzt7M8" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized
                                            Cost&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
                                            Unrealized Gains&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
                                            Unrealized Losses&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;b&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 30, 2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F46_z5U4ZTw1dwul" style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zKuGGvb8zMT" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z4Wc28TaArud" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1265"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zUe1lAm8Hqg5" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zOjODhvg8SHk" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,991&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z4LU2hp7HDE" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,964&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuaiuRzeBs52" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zWsRTqli2MV8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zV0HCYfTbm74" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,885&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zzn6JxrVSyf1" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zXWQ1f064S32" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4yHgmfWI7vl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(452&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zximDU1qcNE3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,505&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zxIVAjZJya2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,341&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zU5un8LkTdx5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_ztYrX0nzC9X7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_zyQUTu8Zio37" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,325&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zbM4lxogOXI" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,262&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_z04D4DYAupg6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430_zdisLX6Wwwil" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zCFuOJbfmLka" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2021:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_F40_zoL6bgWBZXw4" style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zpBSRGM1xUWh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z3NNeJYZHd4d" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____z9qt2cxUm9o8" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1307"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_fKg_____zcl0fYRdGl86" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,203&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,669&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1313"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zotveLus89Lk" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL9CJ1EWb633" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,332&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1329"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z4cz9VZDz2og" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731_zGIFLV8onQzc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0F_zTTSgyTrdlk5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F10_zwkGNFr6vzzl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Each
                                            of the certificates of deposit held by the Company has a CUSIP, was purchased in the
                                            secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001263"
      unitRef="USD">2000000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001267"
      unitRef="USD">9000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001269"
      unitRef="USD">1991000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10964000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">80000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">10885000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3957000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">452000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3505000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6341000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6325000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">23262000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">557000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">22706000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001303"
      unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001305"
      unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001309"
      unitRef="USD">1203000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1669000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1652000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6327000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">38000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">6332000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4825000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4825000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14021000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">41000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">14012000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1900000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">7100000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">7800000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">18700000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zZ1zHTNHW9p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2022 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_z68fp3fFa0D4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20220430_zLqmW9JqOF76" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_z05BlBc1SNcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Within one year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 26%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13,868&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zxK0Tdue5Y6l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After one year through five
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,544&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zSuW4yOTLza6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After five years through ten
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,723&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDzELz_zVX921PSjOSg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After
    ten years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;571&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDzELz_zZMv9NsmG6e1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">13868000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">5544000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2723000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">571000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">22706000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zJZZGjQke6E2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not
recognized:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zIPMBAJpxMCh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
                                            Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April
    30, 2022:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certificates
    of deposit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zp5CTJRdH3ia" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CertificatesOfDepositMember_zjaAR4VsxOS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,991&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zxIA359xMWok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zZN8zzn8hH0j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;887&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zWRBZFC0RLk3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;452&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zcW0Mv8JJurc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,495&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Municipal
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z2rYJhWzd8D7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--MunicipalBondsMember_z7bCNkabv8xl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,907&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zL79kPtCqwjf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zIzznT0HTIS2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;July
    31, 2021:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zLy1iZjOVKPc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zLu57Z0GwEOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20210731_zZ1njMoLBVQ3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_c20210731_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,945&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CertificatesOfDepositMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1991000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">80000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">887000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">452000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3495000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">16000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_MunicipalBondsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5907000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">557000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">12280000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">17000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1652000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3293000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4945000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zGvEoBcPrzVl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
July 31, 2021, there were no securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. At April 30, 2022, the following
available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zbFbbTc96Mn7" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
                                            Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
                                            Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7elu7225Fhk" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zc32EyUzUw6f" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;887&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zVns4sC3ScL7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;257&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zL6EVYpw3v1k" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,713&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zOQyu2XkcFnk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;337&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20220430_zKyDgD7iezL4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value, Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">80000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">887000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">257000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1713000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">337000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2600000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_zzrcgoSP6Ww1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
7&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_826_zrZDB3G6hbH3"&gt;Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zzjY0J4I20A5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zI1jdcGyrvEk" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zWON5qvJUEU3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210731_zBeBjPWEpZAk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z8LacpLWHNqk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zCVYc1nnpsvf"&gt;42,282
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;649&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrmgGxF0BU7l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zPTSjf5Whix2"&gt;290,214
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_907_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zVVa4WpqckKb"&gt;246,565
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021,
    respectively&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;624&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,479&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zkg1tXqM9uS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted
    Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_900_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zRkkhYOiPAn"&gt;nil
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4qrAbGyKvp"&gt;43,649
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021,
    respectively&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1421"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zkxIVYKlOM98" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,048&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,630&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zJAmzGW9aDu3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fixed
    income mutual funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,467&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zcUIPC1B1Q83" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42,434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zJ3yECThetGi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zYX1FevsHnc9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Series B and Series C convertible
    preferred stock&#x2014;equity method investment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,901&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zc5xKAdXq9J1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,619&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zKGYkrdngXP5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,725&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zgPfpnwIQ2db" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncurrent
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,654&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_z0mZGSMvV4xe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company received the shares of Zedge, Inc. (&#x201c;Zedge&#x201d;) Class B common stock and &lt;span id="xdx_90C_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--UnrestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zGTR4097XgV5"&gt;28,320
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;of the shares of Rafael Class B common stock
set forth in the table above in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on Zedge and Rafael restricted stock held by certain of the
Company&#x2019;s employees and the Company&#x2019;s payment of taxes related thereto. The Company purchased &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z5z3C2aUB3gh"&gt;261,894
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares of Rafael Class B common stock in fiscal
2021, including &lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4ITYxgQqK29" title="Related party shares received"&gt;43,649&lt;/span&gt; shares that were not available for sale, assignment, or transfer until the restrictions lapsed in September
2021. Howard S. Jonas is the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_zywlMfZb2VQ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z6yuIPfetSLh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zuqmPN0ASq0k" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_z4TZwHfR6hW4" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210801__20220430_zPOwUDgXGUyc" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_zl1dj0JeSFx2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zjLGFhEp7Qsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,539&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,223&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,109&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zVMMJkjtvf69" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory
    release assessment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1461"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1462"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1463"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,870&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zfnxIURDe697" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;404&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(334&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;388&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zTdiIHuesl48" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemptions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1471"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1473"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z2IB7Ciwqbod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1476"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1477"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1478"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1479"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zWt1BzG8Peq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,409&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,621&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,409&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,621&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AF_z1x6QA6vBxh4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company decreased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held by $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zCupFm1LWKlj"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueDownwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zkQTuPPgkEw"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt; million in the three
and nine months ended April 30, 2022, respectively, and the Company increased the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred
it held by $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z7gWl4W0eCAk"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zH6VODvbmlf6"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million in both the three and nine months
ended April 30, 2021, based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock and a discount for lack of current marketability.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zIj4xNcfLEr9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zHdYeN39icC4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430_zvz5Rl5lEipd" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210201__20210430_zhZtSIRkfLpf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210801__20220430_zSCa2DcJ1Zbh" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_z3rSw5GT8S69" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zAWPjccL8Eyf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(20,862&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,822&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zy0cUB3e8jHd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less:
    net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1497"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1498"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1500"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z4FBuY0nPBj3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
    (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(20,872&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,822&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zHTTomlztfm" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
net losses on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2022 included unrealized losses of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNYTgP0HuLkf" title="Unrealized losses"&gt;0.6&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedLoss_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zNxDgBD36eBe"&gt;14.1
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, on shares of Rafael
Class B common stock. The net gains on investments in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021 included unrealized gains of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z8cLlDcJjnH9"&gt;4.8
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGain_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonStockClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zmB7SbQFPQ5j"&gt;5.6
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, on shares of Rafael Class
B common stock.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Equity
Method Investment &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
February 2, 2021, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn6n6_c20210130__20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDnOqRZu98gk"&gt;4.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million to purchase shares of series B convertible
preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#x201c;EMI&#x201d;), and on August 10, 2021, the Company paid
$&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20210809__20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zNPrcj8wh89d"&gt;1.1
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million to purchase shares of the EMI&#x2019;s
series C convertible preferred stock and additional shares of the EMI&#x2019;s series B convertible preferred stock. The initial shares
purchased represented &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210202__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zyj9x5w7r7W7"&gt;23.95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%
of the outstanding shares of the EMI on an as converted basis. The subsequent purchases increased the Company&#x2019;s ownership to &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20210810__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zUsYiDbqVmhh"&gt;26.57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%
on an as converted basis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the series B and series C convertible preferred stock are in-substance
common stock, and the Company can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the EMI.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions, there were differences of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20210202_zTbFzXJLe2w8"&gt;3.4
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn6n6_c20210810_zfluvHeTS1g"&gt;1.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million between its investment in the EMI and
its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI, which represented the share of the EMI&#x2019;s customer list on the dates of the
acquisitions attributed to the Company&#x2019;s interest in the EMI. These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year
estimated life of the customer list. In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, the amortization of equity method basis difference
is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#x201c;Other (expense) income, net&#x201d; (see Note 18).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
February 10, 2022, the Company received a secured promissory note from the EMI in exchange for a loan of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount_iI_pn6n6_c20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zh3qK0Wioeqe"&gt;1.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. The note provides for interest on the
principal amount at &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate_pid_dp_uPure_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zDbY7oF6Bpta"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%
per annum payable monthly. The note is due and payable on &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates_dd_c20220208__20220210__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zZYaFsQij5X1"&gt;August
3, 2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zpM3G1J63Om9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zlaO0VZiYRza" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summary
of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zF1XHebBk8t9" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zm4mdTXXyina" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztzxUfAHIbZ4" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zV8xS0ypfHkb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3_zZUDKxQr7L81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,509&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1524"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,901&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1526"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_ztcnKBhDBKcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred
    stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1528"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,051&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zqD6JVwleCqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity in the net loss of
    investee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(583&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(386&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,662&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(386&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_zoygYCNFJb67" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of equity method basis difference&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(182&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(142&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(546&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(142&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_zhdcQLhQUEAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,472&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,472&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zXWwksj71t6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_z181s8g52p71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows (fiscal 2021 financial information is for the period from February 2, 2021 to April 30,
2021):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zfKL1Q6nsZNc" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summary
of Statements of Operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430_zI0ddOCMmadb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_zTQfCNGPKhi3" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220430_ziOjP5JfduH" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430_zfX7rBrB2aWf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zXoBrfc31SB6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,689&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;718&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,760&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;718&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Costs and expenses:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingCostsAndExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkfoST17NED" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Direct
    cost of revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,402&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;804&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,307&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;804&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHflky7AMZm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Selling,
    general and administrative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,265&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,525&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,928&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,525&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zSmobsQFVc3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    costs and expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,667&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,329&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,235&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,329&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqb5bwTPfBch" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Loss from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,978&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,475&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztlaVx65M1Pc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(82&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1576"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(83&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1578"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z9VUJXnU6Okg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,060&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;(5,558&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zmlJxEN0otC" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zzjY0J4I20A5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zI1jdcGyrvEk" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20220430_zWON5qvJUEU3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
    30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210731_zBeBjPWEpZAk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z8LacpLWHNqk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zCVYc1nnpsvf"&gt;42,282
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;217&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;649&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zrmgGxF0BU7l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zPTSjf5Whix2"&gt;290,214
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_907_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zVVa4WpqckKb"&gt;246,565
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021,
    respectively&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;624&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,479&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zkg1tXqM9uS5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. restricted
    Class B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_900_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_dxL_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zRkkhYOiPAn"&gt;nil
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;and &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20200801__20210731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--RestrictedCommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4qrAbGyKvp"&gt;43,649
    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021,
    respectively&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1421"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zkxIVYKlOM98" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,048&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,630&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zJAmzGW9aDu3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fixed
    income mutual funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,467&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zcUIPC1B1Q83" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42,434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zJ3yECThetGi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zYX1FevsHnc9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Series B and Series C convertible
    preferred stock&#x2014;equity method investment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,901&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zc5xKAdXq9J1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,619&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zKGYkrdngXP5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,725&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zgPfpnwIQ2db" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncurrent
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,654&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_SeriesBAndSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2901000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2619000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3563000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">825000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2725000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">7319000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">11654000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
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      unitRef="Shares">28320</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_custom_CommonStockClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">261894</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-07-31_custom_RestrictedCommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">43649</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_zywlMfZb2VQ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z6yuIPfetSLh" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zuqmPN0ASq0k" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_z4TZwHfR6hW4" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210801__20220430_zPOwUDgXGUyc" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_zl1dj0JeSFx2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zjLGFhEp7Qsb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,539&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,223&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,109&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zVMMJkjtvf69" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory
    release assessment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1461"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1462"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1463"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,870&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_zfnxIURDe697" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;404&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(334&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;388&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount_pn3n3_zTdiIHuesl48" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemptions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1471"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1473"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_z2IB7Ciwqbod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1476"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1477"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1478"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1479"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zWt1BzG8Peq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,409&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,621&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,409&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,621&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2539000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2223000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2743000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">4109000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1870000</IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment>
    <IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-130000</IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer>
    <IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">404000</IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer>
    <IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer
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      decimals="-3"
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      unitRef="USD">388000</IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer>
    <IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-6000</IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount>
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      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-6000</IDT:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueRedemptionsAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2409000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2621000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2409000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2621000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
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      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount>
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      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_VisaSeriesCConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount>
    <us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zIj4xNcfLEr9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains and losses for all equity investments included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zHdYeN39icC4" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Unrealized (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430_zvz5Rl5lEipd" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20210201__20210430_zhZtSIRkfLpf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20210801__20220430_zSCa2DcJ1Zbh" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20200801__20210430_z3rSw5GT8S69" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zAWPjccL8Eyf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net (losses) gains
    recognized during the period on equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(20,862&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,822&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zy0cUB3e8jHd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less:
    net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1497"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1498"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1500"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z4FBuY0nPBj3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
    (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,435&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(20,872&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,822&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestFaceAmount>
    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate
      contextRef="From2022-02-082022-02-10_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.15</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestEffectiveYieldInterestRate>
    <us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates contextRef="From2022-02-082022-02-10_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">2022-08-03</us-gaap:ReceivableWithImputedInterestDueDates>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zpM3G1J63Om9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zlaO0VZiYRza" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summary
of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20220201__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zF1XHebBk8t9" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zm4mdTXXyina" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20210801__20220430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztzxUfAHIbZ4" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20200801__20210430__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zV8xS0ypfHkb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3_zZUDKxQr7L81" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,509&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1524"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,901&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1526"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_ztcnKBhDBKcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred
    stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1528"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,051&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_zqD6JVwleCqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity in the net loss of
    investee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(583&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(386&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,662&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(386&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_zoygYCNFJb67" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of equity method basis difference&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(182&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(142&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(546&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(142&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_zhdcQLhQUEAd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,472&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,744&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,472&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_893_ecustom--EquityMethodInvestmentSummarizedStatementsOfOperationsTableTextBlock_z181s8g52p71" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summarized
financial information of the EMI was as follows (fiscal 2021 financial information is for the period from February 2, 2021 to April 30,
2021):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zfKL1Q6nsZNc" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Summary
of Statements of Operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220201__20220430_zI0ddOCMmadb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20210201__20210430_zTQfCNGPKhi3" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20210801__20220430_ziOjP5JfduH" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20200801__20210430_zfX7rBrB2aWf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zXoBrfc31SB6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,689&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;718&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,760&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;718&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Costs and expenses:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingCostsAndExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zkfoST17NED" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Direct
    cost of revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,402&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;804&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,307&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;804&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHflky7AMZm6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Selling,
    general and administrative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,265&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,525&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,928&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,525&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zSmobsQFVc3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    costs and expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,667&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,329&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,235&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,329&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zqb5bwTPfBch" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Loss from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,978&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,475&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_ztlaVx65M1Pc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(82&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1576"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(83&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1578"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z9VUJXnU6Okg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3,060&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;(5,558&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,611&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zQ6Us3zEgBk3" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
8&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_822_zgXlEHSOLec2"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zhYpw2iJxsw8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zwKStmpZhEnd" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F55_zZERJ0HFXWqd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    1 (1)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F58_zC5h4nxGlkg8" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    2 (2)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F50_zJTTOlhysYWh" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    3 (3)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 30, 2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zEEsx5hUM1q2" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,885&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuhfA0wrbPH" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z4ixfch2UUP6" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1593"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zxnHOqBHOvXl" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity investments included
    in current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoCZBHBgFxT4" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znUovlo3iRl1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1599"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zPMaTOZXBWGk" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zu8eW7DGnwga" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
    investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zqjuQQSehPH6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1605"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zm0bKV4Sfc42" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1607"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zNEs0lEGuSya" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBVQW6SYEUvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zx8k080LHjTh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,064&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zC4SP2RWMIDf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqGmOxyEhTOk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQad4TLC4Rm9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41,016&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Acquisition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
    consideration included in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zw88nnY5lGBh" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zikYnvnrZaRe" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zP2Vw6djpvh7" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,578&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zzoyyaMyQ1P8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,578&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zbJ77isNDebl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1629"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zFcvXue7fbPg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1631"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zTej3r2MfHL9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,970&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zd121Besvksi" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,970&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy7eanug32Zg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1637"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zMFkPlGAJe23" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1639"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zDpu3AteqZn4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHkHvbde0pKb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zh1g4PmA0yRg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zz04aKRNMhfl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,360&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zEZxwq5upjzf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity investments included
    in current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zW2BudcAcL4a" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;40,225&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zqEiHgvLuBKa" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zr88p94XWix6" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1657"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42,434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
    investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOU2NMllkhPj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1661"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpwvbzIFEHV5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1663"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zdr9yEoHBB43" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zo8y7kOKDPV4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41,877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zgYKgrwnsfY" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,569&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zIdhYqXKuNVa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;58,911&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Acquisition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
    consideration included in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z1ULdPz2hLu" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1677"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zIqo9d2AZpK" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1679"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zolBX7QeV0S9" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(628&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z7YFyxiegf95" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(628&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z5C71osuDwnk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1685"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zZthBlWDOl74" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1687"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zszph7svvMKf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(397&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zCtrerbqyUsg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(397&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zlpYC2OIvwc2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1693"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z1IpDsdrlMKd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1695"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z5IbGdQLnf7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zz2eHSYYM7Yk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F07_z7GGx7Q6j7Gj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F16_zbga8ug68JU3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0D_zd30D4OCgAO4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F18_zpnUE9TmNdLi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F00_zn1HWVLfzNXl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F11_zFhF1mUecdka" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AD_zCZWOVWI99p8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the Company had $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_z83AZZXGwXw3"&gt;2.6
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_znwi1s8XMm88"&gt;3.6
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, in investments in hedge
funds, which were included in noncurrent &#x201c;Equity investments&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#x2019;s
investments in hedge funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_z1PCN2Aecaa1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zbxivLCiTrc9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220201__20220430_z3cGXbiCGysb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210201__20210430_zpc1GQxjlza2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_zPEuIDnvSfJf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210430_zvbFnnr1JUb7" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3_zSF6jpesBYGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,261&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zPulXCZwqk57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Purchase of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1713"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1714"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1715"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;354&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zuz265WYAbyk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Exercise of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1718"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1720"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zReE8uFA2P2j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory
    release assessment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1724"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1725"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,870&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zvugbi73dnac" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    (losses) gains recognized in &#x201c;Other (expense) income, net&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;404&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(334&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;414&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zQE7tKa04kri" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Change
    in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1738"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1739"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1740"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zMWeMnIn0hU5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zL4bIJwFwWbi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z1wSA1e21cHa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220201__20220430_zDEPmlW3iuH6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210201__20210430_zSG0dzUJPv71" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430_zSqgrxKPx3Zj" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20200801__20210430_zAHlMZJkMZXh" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;703&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;799&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;396&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_z7NX5bHg5tHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Transfer into Level 3 from
    acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,849&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1751"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,849&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;393&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total (gain) loss included
    in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zShLheGrXpG4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x201c;Other
    operating (expense) gain, net&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1755"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1756"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(303&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1758"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zGUMDK87GyK4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x201c;Foreign
    currency translation adjustment&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;795&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;795&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zawch0xC1REh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Change
    in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1770"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1771"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1772"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1773"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zfrvU4M33VQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
estimated fair value of the Company&#x2019;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate
valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently,
the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities. &lt;/i&gt;At
April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period
of time to maturity. The fair value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as
Level 1 and other current assets, customer deposits, and other current liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Other
assets and other liabilities. &lt;/i&gt;At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#x2019;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zhYpw2iJxsw8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zwKStmpZhEnd" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F55_zZERJ0HFXWqd" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    1 (1)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F58_zC5h4nxGlkg8" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    2 (2)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F50_zJTTOlhysYWh" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Level
    3 (3)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 30, 2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zEEsx5hUM1q2" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10,885&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuhfA0wrbPH" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z4ixfch2UUP6" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1593"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zxnHOqBHOvXl" style="width: 11%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;22,706&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity investments included
    in current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoCZBHBgFxT4" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znUovlo3iRl1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1599"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zPMaTOZXBWGk" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1601"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zu8eW7DGnwga" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
    investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zqjuQQSehPH6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1605"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zm0bKV4Sfc42" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1607"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zNEs0lEGuSya" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBVQW6SYEUvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zx8k080LHjTh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,064&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zC4SP2RWMIDf" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqGmOxyEhTOk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zQad4TLC4Rm9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41,016&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Acquisition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
    consideration included in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zw88nnY5lGBh" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1621"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zikYnvnrZaRe" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1623"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zP2Vw6djpvh7" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,578&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zzoyyaMyQ1P8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,578&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zbJ77isNDebl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1629"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zFcvXue7fbPg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1631"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zTej3r2MfHL9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,970&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zd121Besvksi" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,970&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy7eanug32Zg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1637"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zMFkPlGAJe23" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1639"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zDpu3AteqZn4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20220430__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zHkHvbde0pKb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;July 31, 2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zh1g4PmA0yRg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zz04aKRNMhfl" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,360&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zEZxwq5upjzf" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1649"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity investments included
    in current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zW2BudcAcL4a" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;40,225&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zqEiHgvLuBKa" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zr88p94XWix6" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1657"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42,434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
    investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOU2NMllkhPj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1661"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpwvbzIFEHV5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1663"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zdr9yEoHBB43" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zo8y7kOKDPV4" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;41,877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zgYKgrwnsfY" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,569&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zIdhYqXKuNVa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;58,911&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Acquisition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
    consideration included in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z1ULdPz2hLu" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1677"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zIqo9d2AZpK" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1679"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zolBX7QeV0S9" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(628&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z7YFyxiegf95" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(628&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
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    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z5C71osuDwnk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1685"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zZthBlWDOl74" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1687"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zszph7svvMKf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(397&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zCtrerbqyUsg" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(397&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zlpYC2OIvwc2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1693"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z1IpDsdrlMKd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1695"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z5IbGdQLnf7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20210731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zz2eHSYYM7Yk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F07_z7GGx7Q6j7Gj" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F16_zbga8ug68JU3" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0D_zd30D4OCgAO4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F18_zpnUE9TmNdLi" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F00_zn1HWVLfzNXl" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"/&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F11_zFhF1mUecdka" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;
                                            no observable pricing inputs in the market&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

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    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-8548000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001645"
      unitRef="USD">1652000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001647"
      unitRef="USD">12360000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">14012000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001653"
      unitRef="USD">40225000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001655"
      unitRef="USD">2209000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">42434000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001665"
      unitRef="USD">2465000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2465000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001669"
      unitRef="USD">41877000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001671"
      unitRef="USD">14569000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001673"
      unitRef="USD">2465000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">58911000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001681"
      unitRef="USD">628000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">628000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001689"
      unitRef="USD">397000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001697"
      unitRef="USD">-1025000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1025000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">2600000</IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds>
    <IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">3600000</IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_896_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_z1PCN2Aecaa1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zbxivLCiTrc9" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20220201__20220430_z3cGXbiCGysb" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210201__20210430_zpc1GQxjlza2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20210801__20220430_zPEuIDnvSfJf" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_491_20200801__20210430_zvbFnnr1JUb7" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3_zSF6jpesBYGf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,261&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,465&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,825&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zPulXCZwqk57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Purchase of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1713"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1714"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1715"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;354&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant_pn3n3_zuz265WYAbyk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Exercise of Rafael Holdings,
    Inc. warrant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1718"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1720"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment_pn3n3_zReE8uFA2P2j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Redemption for Visa mandatory
    release assessment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1723"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1724"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1725"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,870&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zvugbi73dnac" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    (losses) gains recognized in &#x201c;Other (expense) income, net&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;404&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(334&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;414&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForAssetsHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zQE7tKa04kri" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Change
    in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1738"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1739"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1740"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1741"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2022-01-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2261000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-01-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2319000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2465000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2020-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3825000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <IDT:PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">354000</IDT:PurchaseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant>
    <IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-380000</IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant>
    <IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-380000</IDT:ExerciseOfRafaelHoldingsIncWarrant>
    <IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1870000</IDT:RedemptionForVisaMandatoryReleaseAssessment>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-130000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">404000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-334000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">414000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2131000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2343000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2131000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">2343000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zL4bIJwFwWbi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z1wSA1e21cHa" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 0.25in"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20220201__20220430_zDEPmlW3iuH6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20210201__20210430_zSG0dzUJPv71" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430_zSqgrxKPx3Zj" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20200801__20210430_zAHlMZJkMZXh" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
    Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;703&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;799&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;396&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitiesTransfersIntoLevelThreeFromAcquisition_pn3n3_z7NX5bHg5tHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Transfer into Level 3 from
    acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,849&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1751"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,849&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;393&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total (gain) loss included
    in:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInEarnings_pn3n3_zShLheGrXpG4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x201c;Other
    operating (expense) gain, net&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1755"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1756"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(303&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1758"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zGUMDK87GyK4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x201c;Foreign
    currency translation adjustment&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;795&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,548&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;795&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--AmountOfChangeInUnrealizedGainsOrLossesIncludedInEarningsForLiabilitiesHeldAtEndOfPeriod_pn3n3_zawch0xC1REh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Change
    in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1770"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1771"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1772"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1773"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      unitRef="USD">6000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">8548000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">795000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">8548000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2021-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">795000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_zqyYECHl1nZk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
9&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_822_z3ZjJAzm3Qe5"&gt;Acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Integra
CCS&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
March 3, 2022, the Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#x201c;net2phone 2.0&#x201d;), which owns and operates the net2phone-UCaaS
segment, purchased all of the outstanding shares of Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. for an aggregate purchase price of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zMjyYCUxS3zg"&gt;15.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. Onwaba S.R.L. and Gem S.R.L. are located
in Uruguay and use the trade name Integra CCS (&#x201c;Integra&#x201d;). Integra provides cloud-based contact-center-as-a-service
(&#x201c;CCaaS&#x201d;) in the Americas and Europe including omnichannel support, social media integrations, chat-bot communications,
workflow management, development tools for tailored contact center solutions and numerous third-party software integrations. &lt;/span&gt;The net2phone-UCaaS segment&#x2019;s and Integra&#x2019;s CCaaS offerings are highly synergistic and CCaaS
is expected to be a source of growth and expansion when combined with net2phone-UCaaS&#x2019; global sales and channel partner network.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The operating results of the acquired companies from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included
in the Company&#x2019;s consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
purchase price consisted of: (a) cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zSAwdCJOmp6g"&gt;7.2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million that was paid at closing, (b) &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions_pid_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zqreunrxXh41"&gt;27,765
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common
stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zs9CbJbVkQH4"&gt;1.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million that were issued at closing, (c) $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn5n6_c20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_z89IbSOKQb1k"&gt;3.3
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, half&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
of which will be paid at the end of 12 months after closing and the remainder will be paid at the end of 24 months after closing,
subject to holdback for the settlement of claims against the sellers, if any, and (d) &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zBPVq2mzvO29"&gt;contingent
consideration of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_iI_pn5n6_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zNn677skt8L3"&gt;3.5&lt;/span&gt; million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue of the net2phone-UCaaS segment over a four-year period, payable
in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s discretion.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zB3CLyPBVENh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zTyhmzM9ncVk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_491_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zvbmZDgqVVN8" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z68fP3yRLDS" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zMmgFvzz2mOk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_ztkSnP5WLqKi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,113&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_zyyEeqrF8oBj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Shares of the Company&#x2019;s
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_z0BNgNZ5e6i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future payments subject to
    holdback&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,158&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contingent
    consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z4sBdXXHhiR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,361&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zx9HLkwTzy49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,632&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zg6fdm3B6dDc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z5zcFkIl5xTl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands): &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_z8a8E4XUiV4a" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49B_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zZSFpJ2jdjq1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3_zfBGnRwlipZ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,433&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zzJJ3hizRRRf" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z8lvsOIbC5I" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3_zi3H4gi21Bj4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_zKrJGHnrHobg" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;660&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_zpomE3cucurh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(176&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Operating lease liability noncurrent portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Net assets excluding cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;12,632&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AD_zw3MioFhbs6a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
goodwill was assigned to the net2phone-UCaaS segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies
from the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Leaf
Global Fintech Corporation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
March 1, 2022, the Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, IDT International Telecom, Inc., purchased all of the outstanding shares of Leaf Global
Fintech Corporation (&#x201c;Leaf&#x201d;) for up to $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn4n6_c20220227__20220301__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zGT7PzjhEmeb"&gt;6.05
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. Leaf is a provider of digital wallet
services in emerging markets currently serving unbanked customers in Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya. The Leaf wallet is a mobile platform
available on both smartphones and non-smartphones through an app or by utilizing a USSD interface accessed via a short code. The Leaf
digital wallet enables customers to store, send, receive, and exchange currencies on their phones domestically and across borders. The
Leaf platform leverages the Stellar network for storing and disseminating transaction data while maintaining value with stablecoins.
Stellar is an open-source, decentralized blockchain network that connects global financial infrastructure, optimized for payments and
specifically to support cross-border transactions. &lt;/span&gt;The Company intends to utilize Leaf&#x2019;s blockchain-based digital wallet
to, among other things, provide secure storage and share value to the people worldwide who use feature phones rather than smartphones,
as well as expand Leaf&#x2019;s affordable mobile technology to traders, refugees, migrants, and others worldwide.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
Leaf&#x2019;s operating results from the date of acquisition, which were not significant, are included in the Company&#x2019;s
consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
purchase price is comprised of (a) $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn5n6_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zBFTJrMfm7Ti"&gt;0.5
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million paid in cash at the closing, (b) a working
capital adjustment for a maximum of $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pp0p0_c20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_zWnIYm1FvKll"&gt;50,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;,
and (c) &lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Description"&gt;contingent
consideration of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_pn5n6" title="Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High"&gt;5.5 &lt;/span&gt;million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX1o0N3ct8sa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zq8UpGGxjOb5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_496_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4khnGPCyKi6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z5HEKamvaCjk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zY13HhZhbnZa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(167&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zBzTErUuTf44" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;333&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contingent
    consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPAtRGgXeog5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,330&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_ziezzN1HUEwl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,663&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_zOH1RXyI8dL9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition-date fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated using discounted cash flow models. This fair value measurement
was based on significant inputs not observable in the market and therefore represents a Level 3 measurement. There was no change in the
estimated fair value of the contingent consideration in the period from the acquisition date to April 30, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPGcgetGiItg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zYjGFn1H6fXc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49E_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zAYC0uOolVp4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zcsTAjBa0yW3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zCSZQR9jHPsi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;324&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_zOBpJ9IT2cJb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,199&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zFmGgvuGVZ05" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zQszkjpwEQl3"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;-year
    useful life)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zsOlVCbIBB75" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    assets excluding cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,663&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zesQpDpndNZf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
goodwill was assigned to the Fintech segment and was attributable primarily to the assembled workforce and the expected synergies from
the business combination. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Pro
Forma Disclosures&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s pro forma results of operations as if the Integra and Leaf acquisitions occurred as of August 1,
2020 were not materially different from the actual results of operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">15000000.0</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">7200000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">27765</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1000000.0</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3300000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">contingent
consideration of up to $3.5 million based on annual cumulative incremental recurring seat revenue of the net2phone-UCaaS segment over a four-year period, payable
in cash and/or equity at net2phone 2.0&#x2019;s discretion.</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3500000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zB3CLyPBVENh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zTyhmzM9ncVk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_491_20220302__20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zvbmZDgqVVN8" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z68fP3yRLDS" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zMmgFvzz2mOk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_ztkSnP5WLqKi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,113&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions_pn3n3_zyyEeqrF8oBj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Shares of the Company&#x2019;s
    Class B common stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_pn3n3_z0BNgNZ5e6i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future payments subject to
    holdback&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,158&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contingent
    consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220303__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z4sBdXXHhiR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Contingent consideration"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,361&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_zx9HLkwTzy49" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,632&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7200000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">87000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">7113000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1000000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3158000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1361000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-03-022022-03-03_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12632000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_z5zcFkIl5xTl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands): &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_z8a8E4XUiV4a" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49B_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember_zZSFpJ2jdjq1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;332&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_iI_pn3n3_zfBGnRwlipZ9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;777&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8,433&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer relationships (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--CustomerRelationshipsMember_zzJJ3hizRRRf" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_z8lvsOIbC5I" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;-year useful life)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements_iI_pn3n3_zi3H4gi21Bj4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Non-compete agreements (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--IntegraCCSMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--NoncompeteAgreementsMember_zKrJGHnrHobg" title="Useful lives, years"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;-year useful lives)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;660&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;732&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_zpomE3cucurh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(176&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Operating lease liability noncurrent portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Net assets excluding cash acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;12,632&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">332000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">21000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">777000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">8433000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">P7Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2230000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCustomerRelationships>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P5Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember_us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember">P6Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">660000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNonCompleteAgreements>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">732000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
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      unitRef="USD">24000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-249000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedLiabilities>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-176000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-556000</IDT:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_IntegraCCSMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">12632000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-4"
      unitRef="USD">6050000.00</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
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      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember">contingent
consideration of up to $5.5 million based on annual gross profit over a five-year period.</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsDescription>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_custom_IDTInternationalTelecomIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">5500000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsRangeOfOutcomesValueHigh>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zX1o0N3ct8sa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
acquisition date fair value of the consideration consisted of the following (in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zq8UpGGxjOb5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Acquisition Date Fair Value of Consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_496_20220227__20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_z4khnGPCyKi6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_pn3n3_z5HEKamvaCjk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--CashAcquiredFromAcquisition_iN_pn3n3_di_zY13HhZhbnZa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash
    acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(167&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_pn3n3_zBzTErUuTf44" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;333&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contingent
    consideration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20220301__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPAtRGgXeog5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,330&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_pn3n3_ziezzN1HUEwl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    fair value of consideration, net of cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,663&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
    <us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">167000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">333000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3330000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="From2022-02-272022-03-01_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3663000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock_hus-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zPGcgetGiItg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
impact of the acquisition&#x2019;s preliminary purchase price allocations on the Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheet was as follows
(in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zYjGFn1H6fXc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Impact of Acquisition's Purchase Price Allocations on Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_49E_20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_zAYC0uOolVp4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_zcsTAjBa0yW3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_iI_pn3n3_zCSZQR9jHPsi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;324&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Goodwill_iI_pn3n3_zOBpJ9IT2cJb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,199&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_iI_pn3n3_zFmGgvuGVZ05" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Tradename (&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEltcGFjdCBvZiBBY3F1aXNpdGlvbidzIFB1cmNoYXNlIFByaWNlIEFsbG9jYXRpb25zIG9uIENvbnNvbGlkYXRlZCBCYWxhbmNlIFNoZWV0IChEZXRhaWxzKSAoUGFyZW50aGV0aWNhbCkA" id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_dtY_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--BusinessAcquisitionAxis__custom--LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember__us-gaap--FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis__us-gaap--TradeNamesMember_zQszkjpwEQl3"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;-year
    useful life)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_iI_pn3n3_zsOlVCbIBB75" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    assets excluding cash acquired&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,663&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">9000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">324000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3199000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember_us-gaap_TradeNamesMember">P5Y</us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
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      unitRef="USD">131000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_LeafGlobalFintechCorporationMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">3663000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80A_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_z98BJi9R0kR5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
10&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zY2hKMf09I62"&gt;Variable Interest Entity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
of May 31, 2021, the Company entered into a Warrant Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of an entity (the variable interest entity,
or &#x201c;VIE&#x201d;) that operates money transfer businesses. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power
to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb
losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. The Company therefore determined
that it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and as a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own
any interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated
statements of income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zhPjw3sajCel" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zXwsJxhTxW67" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zEpOsGBPsfP5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210201__20210430_zT6yUTS9OYvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220430_zpXUU4PmJxP4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210430_zQetYidoyl04" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zCKCCg98Umjl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    income of the VIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1872"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1874"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount_iN_pn3n3_di_zuVQlmDnunHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Aggregate
    funding from (repaid to) the Company, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1877"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1879"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zKNc0h5JulOk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zHfb77pcDu8j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zJ10Ljohv50e" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220430__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zu83uYYbXlw3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
                                            30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zgnbK0jPclvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,570&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,364&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,896&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,848&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Trade accounts receivable,
    net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;344&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,160&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;858&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Due from the Company&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1899"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment,
    net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;520&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;637&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    intangibles, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,042&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,184&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Liabilities
    and noncontrolling interests:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;312&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,792&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,491&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1919"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive
    income (loss)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncontrolling
    interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,426&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,354&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    liabilities and noncontrolling interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,184&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_zvJ9O9ik44F9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#x2019;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#x2019;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#x2019;s other consolidated entities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_891_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zhPjw3sajCel" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding from (repaid to) the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_zXwsJxhTxW67" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zEpOsGBPsfP5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210201__20210430_zT6yUTS9OYvf" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220430_zpXUU4PmJxP4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210430_zQetYidoyl04" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nine
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zCKCCg98Umjl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net
    income of the VIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1872"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1874"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount_iN_pn3n3_di_zuVQlmDnunHi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Aggregate
    funding from (repaid to) the Company, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1877"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1879"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">72000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">72000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1000</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">95000</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityFinancialOrOtherSupportAmount>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_892_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zHfb77pcDu8j" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B5_zJ10Ljohv50e" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20220430__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zu83uYYbXlw3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;April
                                            30,&lt;br/&gt; 2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20210731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zgnbK0jPclvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,570&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,364&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,896&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,848&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Trade accounts receivable,
    net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;344&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,160&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;858&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Due from the Company&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1899"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment,
    net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;520&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;637&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
    intangibles, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,042&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,184&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Liabilities
    and noncontrolling interests:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;312&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,792&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,491&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1919"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive
    income (loss)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncontrolling
    interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,426&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,354&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    liabilities and noncontrolling interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,184&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1570000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
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      unitRef="USD">1364000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4896000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
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      unitRef="USD">344000</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">858000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent>
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    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
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    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
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      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
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    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zskIv1L8DGB9" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
11&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_822_zUhc5bQHroj2"&gt;Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zXLW360lOXmh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zHiHvgJcrUIb" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zA3SQ9Enprwl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210201__20210430_ziOoQMF7M2Vk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220430_ziUFfh0aIQo4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210430_zv9v2s9yU1J9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_msOOIENzstP_zHIQR8Ci8Q49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight
    Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(299&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,081&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,017&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_maOOIENzstP_z9WE0apongtb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight
    Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,252&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;904&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,139&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,618&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zcF24X13JkEl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fintech&#x2014;other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzstP_zdC3GXgr7Qf3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS&#x2014;write-off
    of contingent consideration liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1950"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1951"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;303&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1953"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzstP_zvBhUvZq1bL8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    other operating (expense) gain, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;595&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(709&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,550&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zfmElWwRxxmd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Straight
Path Communications Inc. Class Action&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
discussed in Note 17, the Company (as well as other defendants) has been named in a pending putative class action on behalf of
the stockholders of the Company&#x2019;s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#x201c;Straight Path&#x201d;), and a derivative
complaint. The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three and
nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Write-off
of Contingent Consideration&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a contingent consideration payment related to
an acquisition consummated in December 2019 would not be met before the expiration date for such contingency. The Company
recognized a gain on the write-off of the contingent consideration payment obligation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Gain
from Sale of Rights under Class Action Lawsuit&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 21, 2020, the Company received $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties_pn5n6_c20201219__20201221__us-gaap--LossContingenciesByNatureOfContingencyAxis__custom--PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember_zTG4nYmOgna"&gt;2.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million from the sale to a third party of all
its rights under the Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation. The lawsuit is about claims that merchants
paid excessive fees to accept Visa and Mastercard cards between January 1, 2004 and January 25, 2019 because Visa and Mastercard, individually,
and together with their respective member banks, violated the antitrust laws.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Indemnification
Claim&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Beginning
in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a net2phone cable telephony customer related to patent infringement
claims brought against the customer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89A_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zXLW360lOXmh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating (expense) gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zHiHvgJcrUIb" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zA3SQ9Enprwl" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210201__20210430_ziOoQMF7M2Vk" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20210801__20220430_ziUFfh0aIQo4" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20200801__20210430_zv9v2s9yU1J9" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Three
    Months Ended April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Nine
    Months Ended April 30,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_msOOIENzstP_zHIQR8Ci8Q49" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight
    Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(299&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5,081&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2,017&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--StraightPathMember_maOOIENzstP_z9WE0apongtb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight
    Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,252&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;904&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,139&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,618&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--FintechMoneyTransferSettlement_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zcF24X13JkEl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fintech&#x2014;other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzstP_zdC3GXgr7Qf3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS&#x2014;write-off
    of contingent consideration liability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1950"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1951"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;303&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1953"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zoKCXK8x6ePc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;net2phone-UCaaS&#x2014;other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1955"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1956"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit_pn3n3_maOOIENzstP_zKRcTdqkEdjh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&#x2014;gain from sale of rights under class action lawsuit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1960"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1961"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1962"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zUFBNeII0ps3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&#x2014;net2phone indemnification claim&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(33&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(55&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(68&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(442&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zV2cd2eVNVjg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&#x2014;IDT Global settlement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1970"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1971"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1972"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(554&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_ecustom--TraditionalCommunicationsOther_pn3n3_msOOIENzstP_zu4TT7k8zew9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&#x2014;other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1976"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1978"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzstP_zvBhUvZq1bL8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    other operating (expense) gain, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(179&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;595&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(709&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,550&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1410000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">299000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5081000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2017000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1252000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">904000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">4139000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_StraightPathMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2618000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">45000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">13000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
    <IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">45000</IDT:FintechMoneyTransferSettlement>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-303000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationArrangementsChangeInAmountOfContingentConsiderationLiability1>
    <IDT:Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-10000</IDT:Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet>
    <IDT:Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-100000</IDT:Net2PhoneUCaasOtherNet>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">2000000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsGainFromSaleOfRightsUnderClassActionLawsuit>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-33000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-55000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-68000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-442000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsNet2PhoneIndemnificationClaim>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-554000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsCarrierServicesSettlement>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther>
    <IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-5000</IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsOther>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-179000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">595000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-709000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">1550000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties
      contextRef="From2020-12-192020-12-21_custom_PaymentCardInterchangeFeeAndMerchantDiscountAntitrustLitigationMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2000000.0</IDT:ProceedFromSaleToThirdParties>
    <us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zXmoIdlFIrug" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
12&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_zhuUY0gQm0Tc"&gt;Revolving Credit Facility&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#x201c;IDT Telecom&#x201d;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zMH0d4wJI6Yl"&gt;25.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to
finance working capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, there were &lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20210731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zKmESlUK2NIh" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zVhSRRrzQK92" title="Revolving credit amount outstanding"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;amounts outstanding under this facility. In the
nine months ended April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Repayments of lines of credit"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_c20210501__20220430__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_pn5n6" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"&gt;2.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million under the facility. &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember" title="Line of Credit Facility, Description"&gt;The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_pn6n6" title="Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.&lt;/span&gt;
IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial
ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of April 30, 2022, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCredit
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:LineOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2021-05-012022-04-30_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2600000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2021-05-012022-04-30_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2600000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">The
revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum
at the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. LIBOR multiplied by the Regulation D maximum reserve requirement plus
125 to 175 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter. Interest is
payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2024. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly
unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription>
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      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_zhPKAecU5vpf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
13&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_zEaay8CMUAd5"&gt;Equity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deferred
Stock Units Equity Incentive Program&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company had an existing equity incentive program in the form of deferred stock units (&#x201c;DSUs&#x201d;) that, upon vesting, entitled
the grantees to receive shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock. On January 5, 2022, the third and final vesting date under
the program, the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20220104__20220105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zGOdmNFMW2l6"&gt;301,296
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of DSUs that vested on that date. On January 5, 2021, the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_pid_c20210104__20210105__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--DeferredStockUnitsMember_zt11MAa80xzl"&gt;283,838
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares of its Class B common stock in respect
of vested DSUs under the program.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock
Repurchases&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#x2019;s
Class B common stock. The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to &lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zAOQTSA9BjYh"&gt;8.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million shares in the aggregate. There were &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_do_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zGasPio9Eol7"&gt;no
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;repurchases under the program in the nine months
ended April 30, 2022. In the nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_za3q7nejtRuf"&gt;463,792
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares of Class B common stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zJAIyHj6l9A4"&gt;2.8
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million. At April 30, 2022, &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zwseKvF95bAe"&gt;5.8
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million shares remained available for repurchase
under the stock repurchase program.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zDaYwhJeN2pf"&gt;9.0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zbEaEvw22Yi7"&gt;1.3
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million, respectively, to repurchase &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmibdCSyGEPl"&gt;200,438
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;and &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20200801__20210430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zwMBcmDaQyuk"&gt;109,381
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares, respectively, of the Company&#x2019;s
Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the employees&#x2019; tax withholding obligations in connection
with the vesting of DSUs and lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their
fair market value on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;2015
Stock Option and Incentive Plan&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the nine months ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zdU0NLbSKBpg" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt;
million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--PlanNameAxis__custom--TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember_zrSyLczAo4T9" title="Proceeds from exercise of stock options"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt; respectively, for
which the Company issued &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20210801__20220430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise"&gt;1,010,000&lt;/span&gt;
and&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_c20200801__20210430_pdd" title="Number of common stock options exercise"&gt;81,041&lt;/span&gt; shares,
respectively, of its Class B common stock. In April 2022, Howard S. Jonas exercised stock options for &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_pn6n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zFkNHwqmsLKc" title="Number of common stock options exercise"&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;
million shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock that were granted on May 2, 2017. The exercise price of these
options was $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z8BZ7jxVulT8" title="Share-based compensation, exercise price"&gt;14.93&lt;/span&gt;
per share and the expiration date was &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_dd_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z7KWbdsUZbYk" title="Share-based compensation, expiration date"&gt;May
1, 2022&lt;/span&gt;. Mr. Jonas used &lt;span id="xdx_902_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zCKr1QreUmE3" title="Number of common stock options exercise"&gt;528,635&lt;/span&gt;
shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zaAlRJzRywI8" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value"&gt;14.9&lt;/span&gt;
million to pay the aggregate exercise price of the options. In addition, Mr. Jonas tendered &lt;span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding_pid_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_znPsxHoginOe" title="Number of common stock options exercise"&gt;137,364&lt;/span&gt;
shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock with a value of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--HowardSJonasMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zD3CFURvcaz6" title="Number of common stock options exercise, value"&gt;3.9&lt;/span&gt;
million to satisfy a portion of his tax obligations in connection with his&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;stock
option exercises.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 15, 2021, the Company&#x2019;s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company&#x2019;s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
to increase the number of shares of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional
&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized_pid_c20211210__20211215__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zfbiSF8Af1Wj"&gt;175,000
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;shares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;NRS
Restricted Stock Grants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
February 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zAn9xazohMM6" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt;%
of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted basis were granted to certain employees of the Company for services provided. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense and an increase in &#x201c;Additional paid-in capital&#x201d; of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_c20220201__20220228__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_pn5n6" title="Increase in additional paid-in capital for stock-based compensation"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt;
million for these grants, based on the estimated fair value on the grant date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2022-01-042022-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">301296</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod
      contextRef="From2021-01-042021-01-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_DeferredStockUnitsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">283838</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="Shares">8000000.0</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">463792</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2800000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-5" unitRef="Shares">5800000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">9000000.0</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">200438</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_EmployeesMember_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">109381</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_custom_TwoThousandFifteenStockOptionAndIncentivePlanMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">700000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">1010000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">81041</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="Shares">1000000.0</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised>
    <IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">14.93</IDT:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">2022-05-01</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">528635</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">14900000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised>
    <IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">137364</IDT:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesUsedForTaxWithholding>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_custom_HowardSJonasMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">3900000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="From2021-12-102021-12-15_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">175000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfAdditionalSharesAuthorized>
    <IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.005</IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-02-28_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1200000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zjjbbH4x5aR8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
14&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82B_zKUIeP52N8Y"&gt;Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zop6w1pQntbj" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"&gt;2.5&lt;/span&gt;% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis, to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#x201c;Alta Fox&#x201d;) for cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z33cjbEFFxHg" title="Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#x2019; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#x2019; capital stock following which NRS&#x2019; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock>
    <IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Pure">0.025</IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction>
    <us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-6"
      unitRef="USD">10000000</us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zHpQ4xaQSep1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
15&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_821_zbU0Ue4fCXl3"&gt;Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zUXeHL7rrZ95" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zS3uyrWs88t6" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20220201__20220430_z4JB6NpkCbR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zWOQkZn7Seh8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430_zdEewus1yKp8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20200801__20210430_zfaxyPLm6eTd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                                &lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;April 30,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                                &lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;April 30,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zk0ovyQhS9Ij" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,530&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,706&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,475&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_pn3n3_zsxRsK9SBpq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;295&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;575&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zEJ47Bb0jWVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;311&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_i_pdd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,136&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,455&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,903&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zFmLIWqT0Obg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zukg8foKAhGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_z2x5YSJ7SLD" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt;
 April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt;
 April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zKsDGcZr0oT" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2073"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zKnpkrbK8FM1" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2074"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z9olmlbPOpxb" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2075"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z1wE54chz0db" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zdnYlsUeIMr5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2078"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zaOsBwBBUu8c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2079"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zmYrG7kYEinh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2080"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zX6Q5s10YWj7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2081"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430_zDmSwcCBZtRk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2083"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430_zWc9WNBgy6T5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zwrYmRo3L2Lg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2085"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430_zjzIfo1Y51re" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zLTmLYL7RiYa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Stock
options with an exercise price that was greater than the average market price of the Company&#x2019;s common stock in the nine months
ended April 30, 2021 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zUXeHL7rrZ95" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zS3uyrWs88t6" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20220201__20220430_z4JB6NpkCbR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zWOQkZn7Seh8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20210801__20220430_zdEewus1yKp8" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20200801__20210430_zfaxyPLm6eTd" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                                &lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;April 30,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;/p&gt;
                                                                                &lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;April 30,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zk0ovyQhS9Ij" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,530&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,706&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;25,475&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_pn3n3_zsxRsK9SBpq1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;295&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;575&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;101&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zEJ47Bb0jWVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;311&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;327&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_i_pdd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,136&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;26,455&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,903&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25901000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25530000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25706000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25475000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">301000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">295000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">575000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">101000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">3000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">311000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">174000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">327000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26205000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26136000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">26455000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">25903000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_zukg8foKAhGc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_z2x5YSJ7SLD" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Outstanding Stock Options Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt;
 April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt;
 April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zKsDGcZr0oT" style="width: 10%; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2073"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zKnpkrbK8FM1" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2074"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z9olmlbPOpxb" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2075"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z1wE54chz0db" style="width: 10%; text-align: right"&gt;713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zdnYlsUeIMr5" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2078"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zaOsBwBBUu8c" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2079"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zmYrG7kYEinh" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2080"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__custom--NonvestedRestrictedClassBCommonStockMember_zX6Q5s10YWj7" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2081"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20220201__20220430_zDmSwcCBZtRk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2083"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210201__20210430_zWc9WNBgy6T5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2084"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zwrYmRo3L2Lg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl2085"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_pn3n3_c20200801__20210430_zjzIfo1Y51re" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;713&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">713000</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="Shares">713000</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_801_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_za8d2e5jKs0f" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
16&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_825_zbAJjtGo18Mh"&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_z5JIR7Woftce" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive loss were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zzPji3qECTO5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Balance, July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_z2rGPc7ta1z2" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFgwLcnTWnbd" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;(10,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zZaH8SeKop49" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;(10,183&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zrUC1AldoEpa" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zgOpiIG558ei" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(611&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_z121MDPe9BT3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zXbXawL9O8E" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zBGxvyYEA1gh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(10,785&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zD4usHOtTaD5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(11,341&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zUHFmvIOo2Cl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_z5JIR7Woftce" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive loss were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zzPji3qECTO5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"/&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;Balance, July 31, 2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_z2rGPc7ta1z2" style="width: 16%; text-align: right" title="Beginning balance"&gt;(9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zFgwLcnTWnbd" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;(10,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zZaH8SeKop49" style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;(10,183&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zrUC1AldoEpa" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(547&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zgOpiIG558ei" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(611&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_z121MDPe9BT3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive loss attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, April 30, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zXbXawL9O8E" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zBGxvyYEA1gh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(10,785&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20210801__20220430_zD4usHOtTaD5" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Ending balance"&gt;(11,341&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;


</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-9000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-10174000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">-10183000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-547000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2021-08-012022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-611000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1158000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-556000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-10785000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">-11341000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zVRHXh7odzu8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
17&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_822_z61nozD4Hc1d"&gt;Commitments and Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coronavirus
Disease (COVID-19)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company continues to monitor and respond to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including its customers,
employees, suppliers, vendors, and business partners.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operationally,
the Company&#x2019;s employees transitioned to work-from-home during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and, to a large degree, continue
to work-from-home. Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, certain of the Company&#x2019;s employees returned to work in the Company&#x2019;s
offices on a part-time basis. The Company&#x2019;s salespeople, customer service employees, technicians, and delivery employees continue
to serve its independent retailers, channel partners, and customers with minimal interruption.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;COVID-19
had mixed financial impacts on the Company beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 and continuing through the third quarter of
fiscal 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Legal
Proceedings&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
January 22, 2019, Jose Rosales filed a putative class action against IDT America, IDT Domestic Telecom and IDT International in California
state court alleging certain violations of employment law. Plaintiff alleges that these companies failed to compensate members of the
putative class in accordance with California law. In August 2019, the Company filed a cross complaint against Rosales alleging trade
secret and other violations. On February 2, 2022, the court approved a settlement agreement between the parties. The settlement did not
have a material effect on the Company&#x2019;s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
April 24, 2018, Sprint Communications Company L.P. filed a patent infringement claim against the Company and certain of its affiliates
in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,298,064; 6,330,224; 6,343,084; 6,452,932;
6,463,052; 6,473,429; 6,563,918; 6,633,561; 6,697,340; 6,999,463; 7,286,561; 7,324,534; 7,327,728; 7,505,454; and 7,693,131. Plaintiff
was seeking damages and injunctive relief. On June 28, 2018, Sprint dismissed the complaint without prejudice. The Company is evaluating
the underlying claim, and at this stage, is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any. The Company intends to vigorously defend
any claim of infringement of the listed patents.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and derivatively
on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the
State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership
of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path&#x2019;s directors. The complaint alleges
that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas
in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with
the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#x2019;s
obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal Communications Commission (&#x201c;FCC&#x201d;), as well as the sale
of Straight Path&#x2019;s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated
with a similar action that was initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs are seeking, among other things, (i) a declaration that
the action may be maintained as a class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the
term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon
Communications Inc. for their shares of Straight Path&#x2019;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas,
and the Company to disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended
complaint. On September 24, 2017, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint, which was ultimately denied, and which
denial was affirmed by the Delaware Supreme Court. On February 17, 2022, the court denied the Company&#x2019;s motion for summary judgment.
On March 10, 2022, JDS1, LLC withdrew its application to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff. On May 16, 2022, the court
denied The Arbitrage Fund&#x2019;s motion to serve as class representative and lead plaintiff, and approved intervenor Ardell Howard&#x2019;s
motion to serve as class representative. The trial is currently scheduled to begin on August 29, 2022. The Company intends
to vigorously defend this matter (see Note 11). At this stage, the Company is unable to estimate its potential liability, if any.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#x2019;s results of operations, cash flows
or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sales
Tax Contingency&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. The Company has evaluated its state tax filings with respect to the Wayfair
decision and is in the process of reviewing its remittance practices. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the
Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions
were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating results. One
or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#x2019;s operations,
and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating
results.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Regulatory
Fees Audit&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
The Company&#x2019;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, is currently under audit by the Universal Service
Administrative Company (&#x201c;USAC&#x201d;). The Internal Audit Division of USAC issued preliminary audit findings and the Company has,
in accordance with audit procedures, appealed certain of the findings. The Company awaits a final decision by USAC on the preliminary
audit findings. Depending on the findings contained in the final decision, the Company may further appeal to the FCC. Although a final
decision remains pending, the Company has been invoiced $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_z2mL6ItMk3Rf" title="Loss contingency, estimate of possible loss"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20220430__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--UniversalServiceFundMember_zmzaVVaFyxlg"&gt;1.8&lt;/span&gt; million on behalf of the Federal Telecommunications Relay
Services Fund and on behalf of the Universal Service Fund, respectively. The Company does not intend to remit payment for these fees
unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. In response to the aforementioned preliminary audit findings, the
Company made certain changes to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At April 30, 2022 and
July 31, 2021, the Company&#x2019;s accrued expenses included $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zx7pxoAyUtEf" title="Accrued liabilities"&gt;38.1&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20210731_z7VzDwsVW3H7"&gt;38.3&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory
fees for the year covered by the audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Purchase
Commitments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
April 30, 2022, the Company had purchase commitments of $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_zypv48JpWVKa" title="Purchase obligation"&gt;5.0&lt;/span&gt; million primarily for equipment and services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Performance
Bonds&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#x2019;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At April 30, 2022, the Company had aggregate performance
bonds of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20220430_z89MFs5qioTl" title="Performance bonds outstanding"&gt;22.0&lt;/span&gt; million outstanding.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;FCC
Investigation of Straight Path Spectrum LLC&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
September 20, 2016, the Company received a letter of inquiry from the Enforcement Bureau of the FCC requesting certain information and
materials related to an investigation of potential violations by Straight Path Spectrum LLC (formerly a subsidiary of the Company and
Straight Path) in connection with licenses to operate on the 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands of the Fixed Microwave Services. The Company has
cooperated with the FCC in this matter and has responded to the letter of inquiry. If the FCC were to pursue separate action against
the Company, the FCC could seek to fine or impose regulatory penalties or civil liability on the Company related to activities during
the period of ownership by the Company.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss>
    <us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30_custom_UniversalServiceFundMember"
      decimals="-5"
      unitRef="USD">1800000</us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">38100000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2021-07-31" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">38300000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:PurchaseObligation contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">5000000.0</us-gaap:PurchaseObligation>
    <IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2022-04-30" decimals="-5" unitRef="USD">22000000.0</IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_80E_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zfKFIDmyPhP7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
18&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_z8ozgTnEQCth"&gt;Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zHfNogxacSQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
(expense) income, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zCIUugIuzPXa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zdkBTFAuhGib" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zDvpCSKDnSg3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220430_ztFnViLAzlTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210430_zdj0g99565t1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_maNIEzk51_z6tJY2cdtpIf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(1,069&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(259&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_maNIEzk51_zhbIWwrXK4y" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(765&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,208&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_maNIEzk51_zuDawsRlG3El" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Losses) gains on investments (see Note 7)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,435&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(20,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,822&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_maNIEzk51_zM7kkfAdx7P9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(905&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(82&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzk51_zPDqvnigkzdc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total other (expense) income, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(5,068&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,815&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(24,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,608&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zAywCfS4OWc5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30">&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zHfNogxacSQc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
(expense) income, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_zCIUugIuzPXa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none"/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20220201__20220430_zdkBTFAuhGib" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20210201__20210430_zDvpCSKDnSg3" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20210801__20220430_ztFnViLAzlTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20200801__20210430_zdj0g99565t1" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Nine Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; April 30,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_maNIEzk51_z6tJY2cdtpIf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(857&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(1,069&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;(259&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;396&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_maNIEzk51_zhbIWwrXK4y" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(765&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,208&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(528&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_maNIEzk51_zuDawsRlG3El" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;(Losses) gains on investments (see Note 7)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,435&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(20,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,822&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_maNIEzk51_zM7kkfAdx7P9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(905&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(82&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzk51_zPDqvnigkzdc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total other (expense) income, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(5,068&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,815&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(24,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,608&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-857000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-1069000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-259000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">396000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-765000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-528000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-2208000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-528000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-3416000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5435000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-20862000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">5822000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-30000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2021-02-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-23000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2021-08-01to2022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-905000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2020-08-012021-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">-82000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2022-02-012022-04-30"
      decimals="-3"
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19&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zfijATJA6hg7"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
In the three and nine months ended April 30, 2021, the Company released $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_pn5n6_c20210801__20220430__us-gaap--ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis__custom--ValuationAllowanceUtilizedFutureExpenseMember_zmMqro3yEckg" title="Change in valuation allowance"&gt;24.0&lt;/span&gt; million of its valuation allowance on the portion of the
deferred income tax assets that it is more likely than not going to utilize. This release was mostly related to domestic deferred income
tax assets. The Company used the framework of Accounting Standards Codification &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes (Topic 740)&lt;/i&gt; to determine whether
the valuation allowance should be maintained or reversed. The Company considered the scheduled expiration of its net operating losses
included in its deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in its assessment of the valuation
allowance. The primary factors that resulted in the valuation allowance release were the three consecutive years of profitability in
the United States and expected future profitability in both the United States and the United Kingdom that will utilize a significant
portion of the net operating losses. The Company&#x2019;s tax planning strategies were not a significant factor in the analysis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
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&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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Losses (Topic 326)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,&lt;/i&gt; that changes the impairment model for most financial
assets and certain other instruments. For receivables, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking
current expected credit loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses. For available-for-sale
debt securities with unrealized losses, entities will measure credit losses in a manner similar to current practice, except the losses
will be recognized as allowances instead of reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. In addition, an entity will have to disclose
significantly more information about allowances, credit quality indicators, and past due securities. The new provisions will be applied
as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The Company will adopt the new standard on August 1, 2023. The Company is evaluating
the impact that the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
